Definitions

Question 1

Fiber

Answer 1

. A myelinated nerve fiber with conduction velocity in the range from 1 to 120 m/sec; a class of fibers divisible into alpha, beta, gamma and delta subgroups.

Question 2

Afferent

Answer 2

Pathways leading to; in the case of peripheral nerves, those conducting to the central nervous system.

Question 3

Association Cortex.

Answer 3

It is essential for mental functions that are more complex than detecting basic dimensions of sensory stimulation, for which primary sensoryareasappear to be necessary.

Question 4

Basal Ganglia

Answer 4

. A group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors, and emotions

Question 5

Blood brain barrier

Answer 5

. A semipermeable membrane separating the blood from the cerebrospinal fluid, and constituting a barrier to the passage of cells, particles, and large molecules

Question 6

Brainstem

Answer 6

Posterior part of the brain continuous with spinal cord that is an automatic centre for involuntary actions eg. Heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing etc

Question 7

Cerebellum

Answer 7

2 hemispheres connected by vermis consists of grey and white matter in Folia shape. Roles in Muscle tone, coordination, motor error- checking and learning.
Cerebrospinal Fluid. Flows in central canal, brain ventricles and subarachnoid space to cushion CNS

Question 8

Cerebrum

Answer 8

. Largest part, made of 2 hemispheres, grey matter associated with processing and cognition and white matter that contains glial and axons to connect grey matter

Question 9

Diecephalon

Answer 9

. Forebrain that links midrain and cerebrum. Relays sensory information between areas of brain. Contains thalamus, hypothalamus and pineal.

Question 10

Epineurium

Answer 10

. Layer that groups axons together with blood vessels to form spinal nerve

Question 11

Endoneurium

Answer 11

Layer that surrounds the individual axon

Question 12

Fascicle

Answer 12

. A bundle of asons in the peripheral nervous system surrounded by perineurium

Question 13

Frontal Lobe

Answer 13

Higher intellect, personality, mood, social conduct and language

Question 14

Ganglia

Answer 14

collection of neurone soma in peripheral nervous system forming a ‘lump’

Question 15

Hydrocephalus

Answer 15

. A condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain. This typically causes increased pressure inside the skull

Question 16

Hypothalamus

Answer 16

Secretion of various hormones, regulates body temperature control of appetite, release of GHRH.

Question 17

Limbic system

Answer 17

portion of the brain that deals with three key functions: emotions, memories andarousal(or stimulation). This system is composed of several parts, which are found above the brainstem and within the cerebrum.

Question 18

Medulla oblongata

Answer 18

Medulla Oblongata. In hindbrain controls autonomic functions breathing, digestion, heart and blood vessel function. Home to all descending and ascending tracts that carry communications

Question 19

Meninges

Answer 19

Three layers of protective tissue called the dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater

Question 20

Mesencephalon

Answer 20

Visual and auditory processing centre for reflexive responses.

Question 21

Nucelus ruber

Answer 21

. involved in motor coordination and the pink/red color is believed to be due to iron, which is present in the rednucleusin at least two different forms: hemoglobin and ferritin

Question 22

Pons

Answer 22

In brainstem, a connection between the cerebrum and cerebellum, contains several cranial nerves roles in respiratory centres and has fibre tracts

Question 23

Substantia Nigra

Answer 23

area of the brain that sends signals down the spinal cord to control the muscles of the body. Dopamine, the main neurotransmitter, is made by the cells of thesubstantia nigra. Black due to melanin byproduct

Question 24

Temperal lobe

Answer 24

. Memory and language and hearing as contains the auditory cortex

Question 25

Thalamus

Answer 25

Grey matter mass, relaying sensory signals and regulates consciousness, sleep and alertness.