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Endo/Repro Exam 2 > Development of the Genital System > Flashcards

Development of the Genital System Flashcards

1
Q
  • What structures of the urogenital system are from intermediate mesoderm?
A
  • Neprhogenic cord-forms kidney
  • Urogenital ridge mesenchyme
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2
Q
  • Coelomic epithelium
A
  • Outer somatic mesoderm lining the urogenital (gonadal) ridge
  • Gives rise to primary sex cords
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3
Q
  • Sex cords will become the _ and _ of the gonads
A
  • Cortex
  • Medulla
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4
Q
  • Allantois and yolk sac are _ structures
  • What types of cells are located in this structure and from what embryological germ layer do these derive from?
A
  • Endodermal
  • Primordial germ cells (coming from epiblast-made of ectoderm)
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5
Q
  • The sertoli cells of the male produce _ and are made from what embryological germ layer
A
  • AMH (anti-mullerian hormone)
  • Coelomic epithelial cells
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6
Q
  • The _ cells of the male produce _ and _ which aid in the production of male external genetalia
A
  • Leydig cells
  • Testosterone, DHT
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7
Q
  • The follicle cells of the female come from what embryological germ layer?
  • The thecal cells of the female come from what embryological germ layer?
A
  • Coelomic epithelium
  • Intermediate mesoderm
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8
Q

Primordial germ cells arise from the _ during week 2

These cells migrate through the _ during week 3 and reside in the yolk sac and allantois

Migrate via _ during the 5th week

Colonize sex cords during week _

A
  • Epiblast
  • Primitive streak
  • Dorsal mesentary
  • 6
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9
Q

How many oogonia are present during the following time periods:

  • 5th prenatal month
  • Birth
  • Puberty
  • Released
  • Cell phases during:
  • Ovulation
  • Fertilization
A
  • 5th prenatal month-6 million
  • Birth-1 million
  • Puberty-40,000
  • Released-400
  • Ovulation-Meosis I
  • Fertilization-Meosis II
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10
Q
  • What is the central event for sex determination?
  • What are the secondary events for sex determination?
A
  • Differentiation of testes
  • Production of humoral factors by gonads
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11
Q
  • The SRY gene are DNA binding proteins that are called _
A
  • TDF (testis determining factor)
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12
Q
  • SRY present:
    • Leydig cells produce _ and _ which helps with persistance of _
    • Sertoli cells produce _ which leads to degeneration of _
A
  • Testosterone and DHT, mesonephric duct
  • AMH, paramesonephric duct
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13
Q
  • SRY absent
    • Thecal cells do not produce _ and leads to degeneration of _
    • Follical cells do not produce _ and leads to persistance of _
A
  • Testosterone/DHT, mesonephric duct
  • AMH, paramesonephric duct persists (internal female genitalia)
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14
Q
  • _ ridge appears on the medial side of the mesonephros
  • Primary sex cords give rise to the _
  • Secondary sex cords give rise to the _
  • _ cells invade gonadal ridge by week 6 and migrate along dorsal mesentary
  • _ sex cords degenerates in females but persists in males
A
  • Gonadal ridge
  • Medulla
  • Cortex
  • Primordial germ
  • Primary
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15
Q
  • The primary sex cords come from _
    • They form what structures in the male?
  • Connective tissue becomes what structures?
A
  • Celomic epithelium
    • Seminiferous tubules
    • Sertoli Cells (surface epithelium)
  • Connective tissue becomes:
    • Leydig Cells
    • Tunica Albuginea
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16
Q
  • The secondary sex cords form what structures in the female?
  • Thecal cells come from what embryological germ layer? (be specific)
  • Active mitosis of oogonia occurs during fetal life producing _ follicles
A
  • Primordial follicles, Granulosa Cells
  • Intermediate mesoderm
  • primordial
17
Q
  • Leydig cells help form what structures (from mesonephric duct)?
A
  • Epididymis
  • Ductus deferens
  • Seminal Vesicle
  • Ejaculatory Duct
18
Q
  • What structures do the mesonephric tubules form?
A
  • Efferent ducts
  • Rete testes
19
Q
  • What are some structures that may persist in the male ductal system?
A
  • Utriculus prostaticus-appendix on seminal vesicle (remnant of paramesonephric duct)
  • Appendix epididymis-remnant of mesonephric duct
20
Q
  • The paramesonephric ducts give rise to what structures?
  • What does the paramesonephric duct project to?
A
  • Lateral-coelomic bay
  • Cranial part-uterine tubes
  • Caudal part-uterovaginal primordium
  • Paramesonephric duct projects to urogenital sinus (endoderm)
21
Q
  • The urogenital sinus comes from what embryological germ layer?
  • It gives rise to what structures?
A
  • Endoderm
  • Sinus Tubercle
22
Q
  • What structures are remnants of the mesonephric duct in the female?
A
  • Epoophoron-remnant next to ovary
  • Paroophoron-remnant closer to uterus
23
Q
  • The superior 1/3 of the uterus is made from _
  • The inferior 2/3 of the uterus is made from _
A
  • Intermediate mesoderm (paramesonephric duct)
  • Hindgut endoderm
24
Q

The _ induces formation of the sinovaginal bulbs

The sinovaginal bulbs extend from _ to the uterterovaginal plate and fuse with the vaginal plate

Vaginal plate epithelium will undergo _ to form lumen of the vagina

A
  • Sinus tubercle
  • Urogenital sinus
  • Recanalization
25
Q
  • Uterus abnormalities
A

*

26
Q

Male prostate is formed from what embryological germ layers?

A
  • Endoderm-pelvic part of urogenital sinus
  • Splanchnic mesoderm-smooth muscle and connective tissue
27
Q
  • What germ layers help form the bulbourethral glands
A
  • Phallic part of urogenital sinus-endoderm
  • Splanchnic mesoderm-smooth muscle and CT
28
Q
  • Development of male external genitalia is under the influence of _
    • The genital tubercle gives rise to the _
    • The urogenital/urethral folds give rise to the _, _ and _
    • The labioscrotal swellings give rise to the _
    • The skin of the external genitalia comes from what embryological germ layer?
A
  • DHT
  • Glans penis
  • Lateral walls of urethra, spongy urethra, penile raphe
  • Scrotum
  • Ectoderm
29
Q
  • The development of the female external genitalia is under the influence of what hormone?
    • The genital tubercle gives rise to the _
    • The urethral (urogenital folds) give rise to the _
    • The labioscrotal swellings give rise to the _ and _
A
  • Estrogen
  • Glans clitoris
  • Frenulum of labia minora
  • Labium majus, mons pubis
30
Q
  • The completion of formation of the spongy urethra
A
31
Q

Hypospadias occurs on the _ side of the penis d/t problems with urogenital folds

Epispadias occurs on the _ side of the penis d/t problems w/ location of genital tubercles to cloacal membrane

A
  • Ventral
  • Dorsal

Endo/Repro Exam 2 (9 decks)

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