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GI seminar notes > abdominal pain > Flashcards

abdominal pain Flashcards

1
Q

foregut boarders

A

oesophagus to duodenum

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2
Q

foregut blood supply

A

coeliac axis blood supply

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3
Q

sympathetic nerve supply to foregut

A

T5-T9

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4
Q

where is T5-T9 dermatomes

A

nipple to epigastrum

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5
Q

diaphragm nerve supply

A

C3, C4, C5

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6
Q

C3, C4, C5 dermatomes

A

shoulder to upper arm

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7
Q

why do you get shoulder pain in heart attack

A

referred pain from pressure on the diaphragm = c3, c4 and c5

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8
Q

midgut nerve supply

A

T10-T11

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9
Q

T10-T11 dermatomes

A

belly button

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10
Q

midgut boundaries

A

third part of duodenum to the splenic flexure

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11
Q

hindgut boundaries

A

Splenic flexure down

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12
Q

hindgut nerve supply

A

T12

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13
Q

T12 dermatome

A

suprapubic region

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14
Q

hindgut blood supply

A

inferior mesenteric

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15
Q

midgut blood suply

A

superior mesenteric

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16
Q

what are the nerves called that supply the organs

A

splanchnic

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17
Q

which peritoneum is affected first by inflammed organs

A

visceral

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18
Q

when does the pain of an inflammed organ become localised

A

when the parietal

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19
Q

where is there a weakness in the oesophagus

A

between the change in epithelium

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20
Q

what does the weakness in the oesophagus give rise to

A

mallory weiss tear

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21
Q

what might you see on blood count with oesophageal pain

A

low haemoglobin

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22
Q

what kind of ulcer is more common

A

duodenal

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23
Q

Helicobacter pylori tests

A

blood/biopsy/breath test on endoscopy/stool

24
Q

Helicobacter pylori management

A

eradication therapy

25
Q

eradication therapy

A

amoxicillin and metronidazole and PPI

26
Q

difference in anterior and posterior duodenal ulcers

A

posterior bleed

anterior perforate

27
Q

why do posterior duodenal ulcers bleed

A

gastroduodenal artery

28
Q

clinical presentation of anterior duodenal ulcer

A

sudden severe pain

29
Q

most common reason for high INR

A

anticoagulants

30
Q

other reason for raised INR

A

liver dysfunction

31
Q

where is billiary pain

A

upper right quadrant pain

32
Q

if people say 10/10 pain what is the cause

A

contracting organ:
uterus
gall stone
kidney stone

33
Q

biliary colick presents with

A

pain

34
Q

Cholescytitis presents with

A

pain

35
Q

Cholangitis presents with

A

pain and jaundice

36
Q

Choledolithiasis presents with

A

pain and jaundice

37
Q

who is at risk of pigment stones

A

haemolytic uraemia

38
Q

most common cause of pancreatitis

A

gall stones

39
Q

second most common cause of pancreatitis

A

alcohol

40
Q

how does pancreatitis present

A

epigastric pain
radiates to the back
vomitting

41
Q

pain radiating to the back worry

A

AAA

42
Q

what will be raised in pancreatitis

A

amylase

43
Q

how to treat pancreatitis

A

NBM, analgesia and IV fluids

44
Q

why do you get low oxygen in pancreatitis

A

fluid moves into tissues e.g. lungs due tot he inflammatory response

45
Q

why low calcium in pancreatitis

A

digestive enzymes move into the abdomen and digests fats which bind to calcium

46
Q

why are the kindeys affected in pancreatitis

A

low perfusion as loss of fluid from the vasculature

47
Q

ALT is a sign of

A

cell death

48
Q

why is glucose high in pancreatitis

A

no insulin

49
Q

what is riglers sign

A

gas in the abdomen

50
Q

what is riglers sign indicating

A

organ perforation

51
Q

what is the appendix

A

blind ended tube

52
Q

what happens in appendicitis

A

blockage so mucus can’t be secreted

53
Q

what is the blockage called in appendicitis

A

faecolith

54
Q

what is the appendix part of embryological

A

midgut

55
Q

pain pattern in appendicitis

A

pain starts in the umbilicus and then moves to the RIF

56
Q

why might you get urinary symptoms in appendicitis

A

lies over the bladder

57
Q

what will be raised in appendicitis

A

WCC CRP

GI seminar notes (7 decks)

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