L19- syphilis and gonorrhea

Question 1

neisseria gonorrhea morphology

Answer 1

gram neg diplococci

has fastidious growth requirements

gram stains are not sensitive to all infections

Question 2

syphilis dx

Answer 2

lesion- darkfield microscopy or direct immunofluoursence

seroligically- nontreponemal tests (screening) and treponemal (confirmation)

Question 3

congenital syphilis

Answer 3

maculopapular lesions

nasal obstruction w/ infectious discharge

osteitis of nasal bones

neurosyphilis

hutchinsons triad

Question 4

primary syphilis

Answer 4

entry through skin

local multiplication and dissemination to nearby lymph nodes

formation of syphilis chancre (principle lesion- will heal in 3-8 weeks w/ fibrosis)

Question 5

neisseria gonorrhea causes what diseases

Answer 5

arthritis

conjunctivitis

more obvious:

pharyngitis, bacteremia, urethritis, cervicitis, salpingitis, PID, proctitis

Question 6

latent syphilis progresses to

Answer 6

1/3 cases have spontaneous cure

1/3 develop into teritary

1/3 seropositive w/o disease

Question 7

syphilis chancre looks like

Answer 7

scanty serous exudate w/ thin, grayish crust

base is smooth

border is raised, firm, red

indurated

Question 8

the great imposter

Answer 8

syphilis

(treponema)

b/c it causes infections all over the body

Question 9

gonorrhea virulence factors

(5)

Answer 9

antigenic variation of pili

nonpiliated phase variants

proteins (like porin) help it to attach

IgA protease

plasmid and chromosome mediated resistance to many abx incl fluoros

Question 10

hutchinsons triad

Answer 10

notched incisors

interstitial keratitis

8th nerve deafness

seen in congenital syphilis

Question 11

secondary syphilis

Answer 11

maculopapular rash

condyloma lata (mucosal warty lesions)

highly infective

immune complexes in artery walls

Question 12

where does gonorrhea attack and colonize

Answer 12

enters through mucosal surface

women- endocervix and urethral colonization

men- anterior urethra colonization

mucopurulent discharge

Question 13

syplilis morph

Answer 13

gram neg spirochete

slow motility

obligate internal parasite

Question 14

tertiary syphilis

Answer 14

5-20 years after infection

neurosyphilis

cardiovascular syphilis (aortic aneurysm)

granulomata (gummas- look like warts)

Question 15

treponema (syphilis) virulence factors

Answer 15

outer membrane proteins- help it stick to host cells

hyaluronidase- lets it infiltrate the blood stream

fibronectin coat- makes it appear familiar to the body so body doesn’t attack it

Question 16

gonorrhea gold standard

Answer 16

nucleic acid amplification

(PCR)

Question 17

the body’s response to syphillis causes

Answer 17

lesions