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Zoology > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

considered as the true covering surface of the body

A

integument skin

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2
Q

largest organ of the vertebrate body

A

integument skin

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3
Q

15-16% of total human body weight

A

integument skin

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4
Q

covers area of 1.6 m^2 (17.5ft)

A

for average women

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5
Q

covers area of 2.0 m^2 (21.5ft)

A

for average men

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6
Q

about 1 to 2 mm thick

A

skin

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7
Q

0.5 mm thick on the _

A

eyelids

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8
Q

6mm thick on the _

A

palms and soles

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9
Q

how many dead skin cells are shed in a lifetime?

A

40kg (88 lb)

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10
Q

how many nerve endings, hairs, muscle, sweat glands, oil glands, blood vessels, heat receptors, cold receptors and pressure-sensing receptors are contained in one sq cm of human skin?

A 
200 nerve endings,
10 hairs and muscles,
100 sweat glands,
15 oil glands, 
3 blood vessels,
12 heat receptors,
2 cold receptors,
25 pressure-sensing receptors
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11
Q

7 functions of epidermis

A

1) covering and protection
2) secretion of substances
3) excretion of metabolic wastes
4) sensation and regulation of temperature
5) storage of reserved food
6) nourishment
7) respiration (in amphibians)

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12
Q

thin, upper part of the skin composed of stratified squamous layer of epithelial tissue

A

epidermis

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13
Q

10 to 30 cells thick, about as thick as a page

A

epidermis

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14
Q

outermost layer composed of dead cells packed with keratin

A

stratum corneum

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15
Q

tough, water proof protein

A

keratin

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16
Q

translucent layer, composed of flat dead and non-nucleated cells

A

stratum lucidum

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17
Q

composed of keratohyaline granules

A

stratum granulosum

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18
Q

prickle cell layer, composed of langerhans cells

A

stratum spinosum

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19
Q

inner layer, composed of actively dividing cells

A

stratum germinativum (basale)

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20
Q

90% of epidermal cells, produce keratin

A

keratinocytes

21
Q

8% of epidermal cells, produce melanin

A

melanocytes

22
Q

brown pigment, absorbs uv rays

A

melanin

23
Q

capable of trapping antigen in the skin

A

langerhans cells

24
Q

make contact with the ending of a sensory neuron

A

merkel cells

25
Q

largest layer of the skin

A

dermis

26
Q

lower, thicker part of the skin composed of fibrous connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers

A

dermis

27
Q

contains muscle fibers, glands, pigment cells, blood vessels and sensory nerves

A

dermis

28
Q

15 to 40 times thicker than thee spidermis

A

dermis

29
Q

provides structural support for the epidermis and as matrix for many nerve endings, muscles and specialized cells in the skin

A

dermis

30
Q

consists of areolar connective tissue, forms the dermal papillae, some contains tactile receptors called Meissner’s corpuscles

A

papillary region

31
Q

consists of dense, irregular connective tissue, attached to underlying organs

A

reticular region

32
Q

for light touch

A

meissner’s corpuscles

33
Q

for deep pressure

A

pacinian corpuscles

34
Q

for pain and light touch associated with hair follicle

A

naked nerve endings

35
Q

for heat

A

corpuscles of ruffini

36
Q

for cold

A

end bulb of krause

37
Q

composed of fat-rich adipose cells

A

subcutaneous layer

38
Q

acts as shock absorbers

A

subcutaneous layer

39
Q

provides insulation to conserve body heat

A

subcutaneous layer

40
Q

glands originating from the epidermal cells that have invaginated into the dermis

A

cutaneous or dermal glands

41
Q

true glands, not destroyed during secretion, most sweat glands

A

merocrine glands

42
Q

part of the cell is destroyed that go with the secretion, mammary gland and some sweat glands

A

apocrine glands

43
Q

the entire cell goes with the secretion, but a new cell is produced to replace it, sebaceous or oil gland

A

holocrine glands

44
Q

watery substance, sweat glands

A

serous glands

45
Q

oily substance called sebum

A

sebaceous glands

46
Q

substance with mucin

A

mucous glands

47
Q

non living structures found on the outer layer of the epidermis

A

keratinized derivatives

48
Q

include the hair of mammals, feathers o birds, nails or claws, beak, scales of reptiles, scutes of turtles and true horns (hollow)

A

keratinized derivatives

49
Q

non living structures originating in the dermis and found on the outer layer of the epidermis, include the false horns (solid), plates of turtles and scales of fishes

A

dermal derivatives

Zoology (16 decks)

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