Muscle structure and function Flashcards
What is skeletal muscle plasticity?
The quality of being easily shaped or moulded; the adaptability of an organism to change in its env’t or differences b/w its various habitats
What connective tissue surrounds each muscle fibre?
Endomysium
What connective tissue surrounds each bundle of muscle fibre?
Perimysium
What connective tissue surrounds each mucle?
Epimysium
How do the ___mysiums combine?
Combine at muscle ends to form rope-like tendons
What is the role of titin?
Maintains the structure of a sarcomere
What is strength?
Maximum force exerted by the muscle during a single contraction
What is strength proportional to?
Number of sarcomeres in parallel; CSA of muscle
What is speed limited by?
Rate of detachment of X-bridge; determined by supply of available ATP/ rate of ATP resynth
How are sprinter adapted/ genetically favourable for speed?
High rate of ATP turnover/ resynth; rapid release of Ca2+; high rate of X-bridge turnover
What is endurance determined by?
Ability to synthesise ATP aerobically for an extended period of time
What does red meat indicate?
Presence of Fe in myogoblin; mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase
What are properties of type 1 fibres?
High: mitochondrial enzymatic content; capillary density; TG store; oxidative capacity; fatigue resistance. Low: glycolytic enzymatic content; glycogen store; glycolytic capacity; contractile speed
What are properties of type 2a fibres?
Medium: mitochondrial enzymatic content; capillary density; TG store; oxidative capacity; fatigue resistance; glycolytic enzymatic content; glycogen store; glycolytic capacity; contractile speed
What are properties of type 2b/x fibres?
Low: mitochondrial enzymatic content; capillary density; TG store; oxidative capacity; fatigue resistance. High: glycolytic enzymatic content; glycogen store; glycolytic capacity; contractile speed
