Attitude

Question 1

Attitude

Answer 1

A learned tendency to evaluate and express things in a certain way

Question 2

ABC Model of Attitude

Answer 2

The components of attitude:
Affection (emotional)
Behavior (action)
Cognition (thoughts and beliefs)

Question 3

Theory of Planned Behavior

Answer 3

We consider the implications of our actions before we decide how to behave

Question 4

Intension

Answer 4

The resolution of our behaviors

Depends on attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control

Question 5

Attitude to Behavior Process Model

Answer 5

An event triggers our attitude, and then we combine it with our knowledge to decide our behavior

Question 6

Prototype Willingness Model of Attitude

Answer 6

Our behavior is a function of six things: past behavior, attitudes, subjective norms, intentions, willingness, and models

Question 7

Elaboration Likelihood Model

Answer 7

A cognitive model that focuses on why or how people are persuaded by information (content vs superficial). Can be central or peripheral (usually a continuum)

Question 8

Central Route Processing

Answer 8

Deep thinking about presented information and drawing conclusions based on this thinking; usually creates a lasting attitude change

Question 9

Peripheral Route Processing

Answer 9

Focusing on superficial details and not the argument being presented; usually created a temporary attitude change

Question 10

Functional Attitudes Theory

Answer 10

Attitudes serve four functions: knowledge, ego-expression (expressing self-identity), adaption (expressing socially acceptable attitudes), and ego-defense (justifying wrong actions to protect your self-esteem).

Question 11

Learning Theory of Attitudes

Answer 11

Attitudes are developed through learning, either by direct interaction or through social interactions

Question 12

Social Cognitive Theory of Attitudes

Answer 12

Attitudes and behaviors are developed by observing the attitudes and behaviors of others as well as a person’s own cognition

Question 13

Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 13

Two or more conflicting simultaneous cognitions

Question 14

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 14

We reduce cognitive dissonance in one of four ways
1. Modify cognition (most likely)
2. Trivialize the cognition
3. Add more cognitions
4. Deny one or more of the cognitions to make things match
We do not modify behaviors

Question 15

Role Playing

Answer 15

When we act in different roles; we sometimes can adopt the attitudes of whatever we’re role playing

Question 16

Social Psychology

Answer 16

Understanding the role of society and the social environment on our behavior

Question 17

Situational Approach to Behavior and Attitude

Answer 17

We are placed in new situations every day. These situations affect our attitudes and behaviors

Question 18

Attribution

Answer 18

The process of inferring causes of events or behaviors; social psychology predicts that it is usually external (dependent on situation)

Question 19

Components of Attribution

Answer 19

Consistency, Distinctiveness, and Consensus

If distinct and there is a consensus, then it’s external attribution. If not distinct and there is no consensus but there is consistency, then it is internal

Question 20

Persuasion

Answer 20

The method of attitude or behavior change; components include message characteristics, source characteristics, and target characteristics

Question 21

Reciprocal Determinism

Answer 21

Our thoughts, feelings, behavior, and environment all interact with each other to determine our actions in a given situation

Question 22

Perceived Behavioral Control

Answer 22

A person’s ability to carry out intentions to perform a behavior

Question 23

Internal Locus of Control

Answer 23

A person believes they control their own actions, fate, and destiny

Question 24

External Locus of Control

Answer 24

A person believes outside forces control their actions, fate, and destiny; nothing that they do will change anything

Question 25

Tyranny of Choice

Answer 25

Too many choices can negatively affect our cognition and behavior; can lead to increased regret and decision paralysis

Question 26

Self-Control

Answer 26

The ability to control our own desires and delay gratification

Question 27

Desires

Answer 27

Motivations associated with pleasure or release from displeasure

Question 28

Temptations

Answer 28

Desires that conflict with moral values or long-term goals

Question 29

Ego-Depletion

Answer 29

Self-control has limited resources; it can tire and run out

Question 30

How to improve self-control

Answer 30

Change environment (make gratification harder to attain), Operant Conditioning, Classical Conditional, Deprivation (questionable, can lead to quicker ego-depletion)