Gout

Question 1

patho of gout

Answer 1

increse in uric acid production, decreased secretion of uric acid by the kidneys. or increased intake of foods containing purines

primary: purine metabolism disorder leads to overproduction or retention of uric acid
secondary: may be relatedto another acquired disorder or as a result of drugs known to inhibit uric acid secretion

Question 2

gout risk factors

Answer 2

• obesity
• hypertension
• diuretic use
• excessive alcohol consumption
• diet high in purine rich foods (shellfish, vegetables, such as lentils, asparagus, spinach, organ meat) don’t cause gout but can trigger an attack

Question 3

s/s gout

Answer 3

acute: gouty arthritis in one or more joints
joints dusky or cyanotic,extremely tender
inflammation of great toe
last 2-10 days
chronic:tophi develop (sodium urate crystals)
joint deformity

Question 4

Diagnosis of gout

Answer 4

uric acid test

Question 5

treatment of gout/terminate the attack

Answer 5

colchicine efects are seen in 24-48 hrs

antiinflammatory but no analgesic so nsaids are also prescribed

Question 6

treatment of gout to prevent future attacks

Answer 6

allpurinol/zyloprim blocks production of uric acid
probenicid/benemid/no aspirin it inactivates probenicid
-angiotensin II antagonist losartan/cozaar promotes urate diuresis
-sulfinapyrazor/anturane feboxostat reduces serum uric acid levels

Question 7

dietary alterations in gout/ supportive measures

Answer 7

low purine diet
increase fluids to flush out uric acid prevent stones
-protect inflamed joints such as a bed cradle

Question 8

complications of gout

Answer 8

kidney stones

pyelonephritis