Pancreas Flashcards
Exocrine function
Acinar cells secrete pancreatic enzymes
Endocrine function
Islets of Langerhan secrete hormones into blood
Pancreatic fluid
Secretions regulated by vagus nerve and gastrin level
Acinar Cells:
Protease, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic amylase
Epithelial cells:
Bicarbonate, water
Pancreatitis
Acute inflammatory response in pancreas
Aetiology of Pancreatitis
I GET SMASHED Idopathic Gallstones Ethanol Trauma Steroids Mumps Autoimmune Scorpion bute Hypercalcaemia ERCP Drugs
Pancreatitis pathophysiology
Bile reflux theory
Hyperstimulation of pancreatic acinar cells with cholecystokinin
Clinical presentation of pancreatitis
Acute onset epigastric pain Radiating through to back Very severe Double over Nausea and vomiting Jaundice
Ix pancreatitis
IV access
Bloods (FBC, U&E, LFT)
ABG’s
Classification of severity of pancreatitis
Glasgow criteria
> 3 = severe
Management of pancreatitis
Conservative Fluid resuscitation Correct electrolytes Careful fluid balance Oxygen Antibiotics Nutrition
Pancreatic Pseudocysts
Complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis
Progressive and irreversible damage
Loss of endocrine and exocrine function
Presentation of chronic pancreatitis
Similar to acute
Alcohol history, smoker, medications, masses, ascites
Duodenal obstruction
Oedema due to acute flare up
Fibrosis and pancreatic head tumour
Management of duodenal obstruction
Stent
Bypass
Resection
