Protection Flashcards
What objectives does the federal emergency management agency have ?
Promote understanding of earthquakes and effects.
Identify risk.
Hazards resistant buildings.
Planning practices
Why is protection important ?
By preparing for the events through modifying human and built environment it decreases vulnerability and allows for adaptation.
Reduces the loss
Hazard resistant buildings
Asesimic.
Order buildings retrofitted.
Large concrete weight on top of building which will move with aid of computer in opposite direction.
Rubber shock absorbers in foundations.
Cross bracing
How is eq proof buildings so important ?
As reduces death toll.
California has better structures and only 63 deaths.
But in Armenia over 25,000 people died as a result of collapsed buildings.
Why is education so important ?
For many LICs it’s the way loss of life can be minimised.
What does Education involve ?
How to prepare - earthquake kits.
Drills in schools and factories.
American Red Cross created a supplies list.
What have Japan done ?
Japan observe disaster prevention day 1 sept
Marks the anniversary of Tokyo eq in 1923
Fire prevention
Smart meters cut gas supply of if eq reaches sufficient magnitude
Tokyo gas company has network that transmits seismic information to computer and then informs employees where to switch off major pipelines to reduce number of fires.
Emergency services
Provide immediate protection.
Heavy lifting gear.
First aid training.
Programme in California establish where emergency services will be sent first.
Land use planning
Most hazardous areas in event identified and regulated - no build zone/ exclusion zone.
Certain types of buildings put in low risk areas like hospitals.
Good open space
Insurance
Richer areas , people urged to take out insurance to cover losses.
It’s expensive so not beneficial for LICs.
Kobe 1995 only 7% were insurances
Aid
Most aid to poorer countries comes from HICs within a couple of days after event.
Medical services / tents / water purification
Aid over longer term is harder as more to it ie rebuilding economy
Tsunami protection.
As EQs causes tsunamis ie Japan 2011 a warning system is needed.
Automated system can be installed to give warnings using bottoms pressure sensors attached to buoys which measure pressure of overlying water column.
Like seen in Hawaii
