Earthquakes

Question 1

Magnitude of Tohoku

Answer 1

9.0

Question 2

Focus depth of Tohoku

Answer 2

30km

Question 3

Death toll Tohoku

Answer 3

20,900

Question 4

Cost of Tohoku

Answer 4

$300 billion

Question 5

Boxing Day Magnitude

Answer 5

9.0

Question 6

Boxing Day focus depth

Answer 6

30km

Question 7

Boxing day death toll

Answer 7

227,900

Question 8

Cost of Boxing Day

Answer 8

$9 billion

Question 9

Magnitude of Haiti

Answer 9

7.0

Question 10

Haiti death toll

Answer 10

160,000

Question 11

Cost of Haiti

Answer 11

$96 billion

Question 12

Differences between Tohoku and Boxing Day

Answer 12

• 20,900 to 227,900 deaths - 10 x more on Boxing Day.

- Tohoku cost $300 billion, Boxing Day $9 billion.

Question 13

What year was the Tangshan - China earthquake

Answer 13

1976

Question 14

What magnitude was the 1976 Tangshan earthquake

Answer 14

7.6

Question 15

What time was Tangshan earthquake

Answer 15

3:42am

Question 16

How many deaths in Tangshan

Answer 16

255,000

Question 17

what caused the differences in impact between, Tohoku, Boxing Day and Haiti?

Answer 17

• Hazard mapping
• infrastructure
• prediction

Question 18

Speed of Nepals continental collision?

Answer 18

45mm/yr - slow

Question 19

Nepal earthquake magnitude

Answer 19

7.8

Question 20

Nepal earthquake year

Answer 20

2015

Question 21

Nepal earthquake avalanche death toll?

Answer 21

21 died in Everest avalanche.

Question 22

When was Japans building standards law introduced?

Answer 22

1981

Question 23

what does Japans building standards law do?

Answer 23

improves structures ability to withstand seismic activity.

Question 24

In 2019, what percentage of Japans buildings met planning codes?

Answer 24

> 90%

Question 25

in 2019, what percentage of California had structural mitigation or earthquake insurance?

Answer 25

<20%

Question 26

What does the building standards policy offer?

Answer 26

incentive of improved business - people more likely to stay somewhere they know is safe. - financial rewards for meeting the standards.

Question 27

The building standards law is said to be….?

Answer 27

reactive and proactive - adapting and responding.

Question 28

Haiti 2010 - key facts about poorness

Answer 28

• depended in international aid in 2010
• 1000 US Soldiers
• $100 million from US
• $500 million from UN

Question 29

Factors affecting impacts of an earthquake. (13)

Answer 29

1. Education - plans/procedures/public approach.
2. Warning systems.
3. Tsunami defences.
4. Insurance.
5. Building codes/regulations.
6. Hazard mapping.
7. Prediction.
8. Time of day.
9. Geology.
10. Landscape.
11. Population density.
12. Different impact on different groups of same population. e.g. rich + poor, elderly + young, men + women.
13. Urbanisation