CTL week 6

Question 1

in the spine the ______ matter surrounds an inner core of ______ matter.

Answer 1

in the spine the ___white___ matter surrounds an inner core of ___grey___ matter.

Question 2

Nerve is a bundle of _____ that is located in the ____

Answer 2

Nerve is a bundle of ___axons___ that is located in the ___PNS___

Question 3

Tract is a bundle of _____ that is located in the ____

Answer 3

Tract is a bundle of ___axons___ that is located in the ___CNS___

Question 4

Ganglia is a cluster of _________ cell bodies located in the ______

Answer 4

Ganglia is a cluster of ___neuronal___ cell bodies located in the ___PNS___

Question 5

Nucleus is a cluster of ______ cell bodies located in the ______

Answer 5

Nucleus is a cluster of ___neuronal___ cell bodies located in the ___CNS___

Question 6

where and what do satellite cells do?

hint: Str su & Reg exc.

Answer 6

where and what do satellite cells do?

Answer:
where: PNS

what:
- structural support
- regulate exchange of materials between neuronal cell bodies and interstitial fluid.

Question 7

where and what do Schwann cells do?

Answer 7

where and what do Schwann cells do?

Answer:

where: PNS
what: form myelin sheath around axons (1 cell per axon)

[nodes of ranvier: gap in myelin sheath intervals]

Question 8

where and what do Ependymal cells do?

Answer 8

where and what do Ependymal cells do?

Answer:

where: CNS, line the ventricles of brain and central canal
what:
- assist in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
- form blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier

Question 9

where and what do Microglial cells do?

Answer 9

where and what do Microglial cells do?

Answer:
Where: CNS
what: function as phagocytes

Question 10

where and what do Oligodendrocytes cells do?

Answer 10

where and what do Oligodendrocytes cells do?

Answer:

where: CNS
what: form myelin sheath (multilayered lipid & protein) around axons

Question 11

where and what do Astrocytes cells do?

Answer 11

where and what do Astrocytes cells do?

Answer:

where: CNS
what:
- largest neuroglia
- contain microfilaments (strengthen them to support neurons)
- create blood-barrier brain

Question 12

what are the 3 functional classification of neurons?

Answer 12

what are the 3 functional classification of neurons?

Answer:

• Sensory (unipolar)
• Motor (multipolar)
• Interneurons (multipolar)

Question 13

what does the cell body contain that the axon does not contain?

Answer 13

what does the cell body contain that the axon does not contain?

Answer: Nissl bodies (rough ER)

Question 14

what are neurofibrils?

Answer 14

what are neurofibrils?

Answer: bundles of intermediate filaments that provide the cell shape and support.

Question 15

(important question)

what is a neuron?

Answer 15

(important question)
what is a neuron?

Answer:

• the cell that has the dendrites, cell body (soma), axons.
• convert stimuli into electrical signals (nerve impulses)

Question 16

(important question)

what is a neuroglia

Answer 16

(important question)
what is a neuroglia?

Answer:

• smaller cell, but more numerous then neurons
• support, nourish, and protect neurons.
• maintain the interstitial fluid.

Question 17

in the brain, a thin shell of _____ matter surrounds the _____ matter.

Answer 17

in the brain ___grey___ matter surrounds the ___white___ matter.

Question 18

Does organisation of grey matter into a cortex allows better access for the soma of neurons to the oxygen and nutrients they require.

Answer 18

The organisation of grey matter into a cortex allows better access for the soma of neurons to the oxygen and nutrients they require.

Answer: yes

Question 19

Tissues are groups of cells that share _____ & ______ characteristics

Answer 19

Tissues are groups of cells that share ___structural___ & ___functional___ characteristics

Question 20

which cell type is not found in the grey matter tissue of the nervous system?

Answer 20

which cell type is not found in the grey matter tissue of the nervous system?

Answer: Oligodendrocytes, because they produce myelin which is not found in grey matter.

Question 21

The organisation of grey matter into a cortex allows better access for the soma (cell body) of neurons to the ______ and ______ that they require.

Answer 21

The organisation of grey matter into a cortex allows better access for the soma of neurons to the ___oxygen___ and ___nutrients___ that they require.

Question 22

which region of the brain contains the grey matter cortex?

Answer 22

which region of the brain contains the grey matter cortex?

Answer: Cerebellum.

Question 23

where within a neuron is the action potential initiated?

Answer 23

where within a neuron is the action potential initiated?

Answer: at the axon hillock

Question 24

which one, graded potential or action potential, is all or nothing?

Answer 24

which one, graded potential or action potential, is all or nothing?

Answer: action potential

Question 25

do craial nerves of the brainstem only carry psecial sensory information?

Answer 25

do craial nerves of the brainstem only carry psecial sensory information?

Answer: no.

Question 26

where is the enteric plexuses found?

Answer 26

where is the enteric plexuses found?

Answer: PNS

Question 27

how many cranial nerves and spinal nerves are there?

Answer 27

how many cranial nerves and spinal nerves are there?

Answer:
Cranial = 12 pairs
Spinal = 31 pairs

Question 28

what assist in moving materials between cell body?

Answer 28

what assist in moving materials between cell body?

Answer: Microtubules