MTC week 11 Flashcards
phosphates are always attached to which carbons of each sugar?
phosphates are always attached to which carbons of each sugar?
Answer: the 5 of first carbon, and binds to the 3 of the next
what does RNA have on its second carbon that DNA does not have?
what does RNA have on its second carbon that DNA does not have?
Answer:
RNA has OH
DNA has H
how is DNA double helix held together?
how is DNA double helix held together?
Answer: hydrogen bonds
DNA and RNA are synthesized in which direction?
DNA and RNA are synthesized in which direction?
Answer: the 5’ to 3’ direction
which precursors are added by polymerase?
which precursors are added by polymerase?
Answer: nucleotide triphosphates
transcription is what?
transcription is what?
Answer:
converting DNA into RNA
translation is what?
translation is what?
Answer: converting RNA into protein
what are the 3 steps of transcription?
what are the 3 steps of transcription?
Answer:
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination
in transcription, which RNA bases are complementary?
in transcription, which RNA bases are complementary?
Answer: RNA [A - T] DNA RNA [G - C] DNA RNA [C - G] DNA RNA [U - A] DNA
what is the purpose of the TATA box?
what is the purpose of the TATA box?
Answer: indicate where a genetic sequence can be read.
do prokaryotes have introns and exons in their mRNA
do prokaryotes have introns and exons in their mRNA
Answer: prokaryotes only have EXONS
which part of the pre-mRNA is taken out of the nucleus?
which part of the pre-mRNA is taken out of the nucleus?
Answer: the Exons leave the nucleus.
introns stay in the nucleus and are degraded.
what do prokaryotes do to prepare their mRNA?
what do prokaryotes do to prepare their mRNA?
Answer: nothing.
no splice, cap or polyadenylate tail is done to the mRNA
what are 3 chemical modifications that amino acids can undergo?
what are 3 chemical modifications that amino acids can undergo?
Answer:
- Phosphorylation
- Acetylation
- Methylation
