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MABS Microbiology > Parasites > Flashcards

Parasites Flashcards

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1
Q

Karyosome, flash-like lesion, Trophozoite and cyst stage

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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2
Q

flagellate with 2 nuclei, stinky poo, interferes with fat absorption, feces float, beaver fever and backpackers diarrhea

A

Giardia intestinalis

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3
Q

a sexually transmitted disease where leukocytes accumulate at site of infection, discharge is main symptom

flagellates in male semen or urine, female reproductive/vagina with smelly discharge

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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4
Q

large and only GI ciliate, PIGS-wild boar or domesticated pig

A

Balantidium coli

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5
Q

football shaped oocyst, foul smelling malabsorption diarrhea, AIDS/travel to latin america

A

Cystoisospora belli

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6
Q

3-4 week flu-like symptoms, food/fecal, outbreaks-USA/global, developing countries-endemic diarrhea

A

Cyclosporosis

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7
Q

new parasite syndrome, in the newspapers, diarrhea and flu-like signs for 1-3 weeks, outbreaks associated with Guatemalan strawberries and other produce

A

Cyclospora cayetanensis

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8
Q

transmission via drinking water, recreational water, sewage, farm animals

watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, dehydration, nausea, fever

A

Cryptosporidium parvum

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9
Q

tick-borne transmission same as lyme disease, New England, looks like falciparum malaria in RBC, Maltese cross

A

Babesiosis

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10
Q

cats and cat poo, undercooked red meat, congenital, pregnant women-baby with hydrocephalus, HIV, immunosuppresion

A

Toxoplasma gondii

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11
Q

caused by the Anopheline mosquito, Plasmodium falciparum is the most serious and this one is 1/4 diameter of the RBC

A

Malaria

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12
Q

most serious of the species that causes malaria

A

Plasmodium falciparum

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13
Q

known as the orienetal sore, aleppo evil, etc…where organisms stay in the skin, lower temperature than viscera, lesion begins at papule at bite site, additional lesions and multiple, found in latin america

A

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis-L tropica

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14
Q

much less common than regular cutaneous leishmaniasis, cutaneous lesions +/- small mucosal lesions, metastatic spread in mucosal areas, nasal, pharyngeal, buccal mucosa

A

mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis

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15
Q

most serious form of leishmaniasis, hepatosplenomegaly, strong relationship between AIDS and this type of leishmaniasis

A

Visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) caused by L. donovani

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16
Q

chagas disease, sign of romanas(inflammation at bite site), triatomid bug, spleen and heart involvement

A

Trypansomas cruzi, American Trypanosomiasis

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17
Q

causes sleeping sickness where patient slips into coma and dies, T.b gambiense-West and central africa; T.b rhodensiense-East and Southern Africa, Tsetse fly, CNS involvment

A

African Trypanosomiasis

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18
Q

this African Trypanosomiasis is found in west, central africa

A

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

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19
Q

this African Trypanosomiasis is found in east, southern africa

A

Trypanosoma brucei rhodensiense

20
Q

sheep liver fluke
sheep, cattle, and man
eat vegetarian contaminated with metacercaria
adults in liver, fibrosis

A

Fascioloa hepatica

21
Q

intestinal fluke

10 million people, man and pigs, hemorrhage and abscesses of small intestine, metacercaria on water plants, adults large

A

Fasciolopsis buski

22
Q

lung fluke, carnivores, pigs, rodents, and man, may be fatal, from ingestion of uncooked crabs or crayfish raw or marinated in wine, metacercaria in crabs, crayfish, adults in lung, reddish eggs and blood streaked sputum

A

Paragonimus westermani

23
Q

swimmers itch, blood flukes, dioecious, male and female worms, live in veins, eggs cause host damage, adult worms can live 20+ years, no metacercarial stage, cercaria penetrate body directly

A

Schistosoma

24
Q

this species of Taenia is found in cattle, though infrequently, recent outbreaks related to indiscriminate defecation

A

Taenia saginata

25
Q

this species of Taenia is seen mostly in travelers and immigrants and now in the western parts of the USA, causes cysticercosis

A

Taenia solium

26
Q

eat the egg, get the encysted larva in tissue, eat the larva, get the adult tapeworm in the intestine, cyst form causes cysticercosis, neurocysticercous when in CNS

A

Taenia solium

27
Q

larval form in fish, adult form in intestine, absorbs our vitamin B12 causing deficiency, Microcytic hypo chromic anemia

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

28
Q

larval tapeworm in beetle, beetle eats the tapeworm ova, humans accidentally eat beetle with larva, gets adult tapeworm in intestine

A

Hymenolepis nana

29
Q

most common dog and cat tapeworm, flea intermediate host, children occasionally infected with adult tapeworm, concerns parent when they see segments

juveniles in flea and louse

A

Dipylidium caninum

30
Q

very small adults, canine definitive host, metacestode undergoes asexual replication, zoonotic, hydatid cysts

A

Echinococcus granulosus

31
Q

this is found in fox and rodents with dogs and rarely cats, multi ocular hydatid cyst, many compartments more serious disease and difficult to remove surgically

A

Echinococcus multiocularis

32
Q

also known as the pinworm, pruritus and anal irritation, especially at night, always be sure to clean house to remove eggs, heat bedclothes in hot dryer

A

Enterobius vermicularis

33
Q

roundworm, small intestinal parasite, man eats embryonated eggs, larva migrate from gut to lungs and back to intestine, lung migration can cause pneumonia, eosinophils

A

ascaris lumbricoides

34
Q

raccoons normal definitive host, humans ingest eggs with larvae, larvae migrate to tissues/brain

A

Baylisascaris procyonis

35
Q

larvae in soil infect dogs, adults grow in intestine, humans get larvae and larvae migrate and never reach gut, remember can present as CLM (larvae migrate in the viscera) and VLM, larvae migrating throughout viscera

A

Toxocara canis and T. cati

36
Q

whipworm, ice man’s rectum, detection of characteristic football shaped eggs with bipolar plugs, found in guatemala

A

Trichuris trichiura

37
Q

larvae in soil penetrate skin, adult in gut bites lesion in intestine, loss of blood is great, impacts growth and mental development

A

hookworms

Ancylostoma duodenale

38
Q

auto infection, hyper infection, found in hospitals, immunocompromised at high risk leading to death

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

39
Q

larvae in pigs, bears, wild boar, larvae eaten by humans, migrate until immune system forms cyst around them, cook food to pigs reduces transmission, cooking of meat kills worm as well as freezing temperatures

A

Trinchinella spiralis

40
Q

fever, headache, skin lesions, gross enlargement of the limbs and genitalia in a condition called elephantiasis, lymphatic channels affected

A

Filariasis caused by W. bancrofti

41
Q

introduced into the body by mosquitos, the adult worms live in the lymphatic system causing inflammation, fibrosis and obstruction, scarring where lesions over the inguinal lymph node heal

A

Brugia malayi

42
Q

found in the subcutaneous tissues in any part of the body, as well as the conjunctiva of the eye, the female produces microfilaria, migration occurs along subcutaneous portion of skin causing Calabar swelling, “adult eye worm”

A

Loa Loa

43
Q

these are filarial nematodes that rarely cause disease but can be found in geographical areas where W. bancrofti, Loa Loa, and Onchocerca volvulus also occur and must be differentiated from these microfilariae, also no periodicity is exhibited

A

Mansonella species

44
Q

the vector is the blackfly, Simulium damnosum, the vector of this species, causes onchocerciasis (river blindness), found along fast flowing rivers, skin nodules are very indicative of this infection

A

Onchocerca volvulus

45
Q

Vector is a copepod, eats worms then passed onto humans by drinking water
Infection drinks cont water with copepod, boiled water not working, filtered straw fixed infection

Worm through lesion wrap on stick to get out

A

Dracunculus medinesis

MABS Microbiology (18 decks)

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