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French 1 > Complex sentences > Flashcards

Complex sentences Flashcards

1
Q

Relative clause

A

Les propositions relatives

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2
Q

What is a relative clause?

A

A type of subordinate/dependent clause which modifies (gives extra information on) a noun or a pronoun

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3
Q

What is a subordinate/dependent clause?

A

A clause which depends on a main/independent clause

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4
Q

What do relative pronouns do?

A

Stand in for nouns, it avoids repetition

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5
Q

Where is the relative pronoun always placed?

A

Immediately after the antecedent

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6
Q

Is the relative pronoun ever omitted?

A

No

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7
Q

Which relative pronoun is used if the function of it is the subject of the relative clause?

A

Qui

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8
Q

Which relative pronoun is used if the function of it is the direct object of the relative clause?

A

Que

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9
Q

Que is the only relative pronoun which can be…

A

Elided, qu’

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10
Q

When might there be a subject-verb inversion in the relative clause?

A

Following que when the subject is very long

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11
Q

What does a past participle following que preceding a direct object?

A

Agree with the past participle

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12
Q

If the function of the relative pronoun is to replace an indirect object use…

A

Dont

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13
Q

If the function of the relative pronoun is to replace a noun phrase starting with the preposition ‘de’ use…

A

Dont

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14
Q

Dont only replaces segments starting with the preposition de not…

A

segments starting with the partitive article de

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15
Q

What can dont replacing a noun phrase starting with preposition de relate to?

A

Either the subject or the direct object of the verb in the relative clause

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16
Q

When dont relates to the direct object the order of the relative clause must be…

A

Dont + subject + verb + direct object

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17
Q

When else might dont be used?

A

In a relative clause to mean ‘including,’ ‘of which’

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18
Q

How often is dont used to replace a segment starting with prepostion de?

A

95% of cases use dont, de qui, duquel, de laquelle, desquels, desquelles are far less common

19
Q

What are the two situations in which de qui and duquel are used?

A

If the antecedent is modified by a prepositional phrase, when de is part of certain complex prepostions

20
Q

Complex prepositions which trigger de qui/duquel

A

à l’intérieur de, au bout de, autour de, à côté de, en face de, près de, en dehors de, en dépit de

21
Q

When is de qui used?

A

In the two cases discussed referring to people

22
Q

When is duquel used?

A

In the two cases discussed referring to things

23
Q

When is the relative pronoun où used?

A

Replacing a location or time

24
Q

If the preposition starts with a preposition other than de use…

A

Preposition + qui/lequel, laquelle, lesquels, lesquelles

25
Q

When to use preposition + qui

A

If the antecedent is a person

26
Q

When the use preposition + lequel/laquelle/lesquels/lesquelles

A

If the antecedent is a thing

27
Q

Prepositions other than de which trigger ‘preposition +’ form

A

à, en, sur, dans, chez, avec, sans, pour, contre, etc

28
Q

What do all the form of lequel need to do?

A

Agree with the antecedent

29
Q

When the preposition is à what do the forms become?

A

auquel, à laquelle, auxquels, auxquelles

30
Q

What do the prepositions parmi and entre trigger?

A

Lesquels/lesquelles, qui is not possible even if it refers to people

31
Q

A preposition is never…

A

Left stranded at the end of a sentence

32
Q

The english relative pronoun when never…

A

Translates to quand in french

33
Q

When is quoi used?

A

To replace an indefinite pronoun (rien, quelque chose, ce, tout, etc) preceded by a preposition

34
Q

Translation of the relative pronoun what

A

Think of what as ‘that which’, that stands for ce and which follows the pattern of ordinary relative pronouns

35
Q

Ce qui is used when…

A

What is the subject of the verb

36
Q

Ce que is used when…

A

What is the direct object of the verb

37
Q

Ce dont is used when…

A

What replaces a phrase with de or an indirect object

38
Q

What does english use when the relative pronoun replaces a whole clause?

A

Which

39
Q

What does french use instead of which?

A

Ce + relevant relative pronoun

40
Q

Relative clauses introduced by qui/que may be substituted for…

A

A participle clause

41
Q

When else do past participles introduce clauses?

A

When they denote anteriority (english having -ed form), to describe body positions and stations (english -ing form)

42
Q

Do present participles agree with the noun they modify?

A

No, only the verb forms ending in -ant

43
Q

What is the present participle like?

A

An adjective

44
Q

What is the gerund like?

A

An adverb

French 1 (29 decks)

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