Final Exam

Question 1

Six steps of The standard Agenda

Answer 1

Problem Identification, Problem Analysis, Solution Criteria, Solution Suggestions, Solution Evaluation and Selection, Solution Implementation

Question 2

Problem Identification

Answer 2

What’s the Question?

a. A question of fact asks whether something is true and to what extent.
b. A question of value asks for an evaluation of the desirability of an object, idea,
c. A question of policy asks whether a specific course of action should be undertaken to solve a problem

Question 3

Problem Analysis

Answer 3

Causes and Effects

a. analysis paralysis, or bogging down by analyzing the problem too much,

Question 4

Solution Criteria

Answer 4

Setting Standards

a. Standards by which decisions and solutions to problems can be evaluated are called criteria

Question 5

Solution Suggestions

Answer 5

Generating Alternatives The problem

Question 6

Solution Evaluation and Selection

Answer 6

Deciding by Criteria

Question 7

Solution Implementation

Answer 7

Follow-through
a. Force field analysis, groups brainstorm a list of driving forces —those that encourage change—and restraining forces —those that resist change.

Question 8

Multiple Sequence Model

Answer 8

groups moving along three activity tracks: task, relational, and topic.

Question 9

Group consensus

Answer 9

based on the unanimity rule.

Question 10

Integrative Problem solving Technique

Answer 10

is a creative approach to conflicts of interest; it searches for solutions that benefit everyone.

• Expanding the pie refers to increasing the resources as a solution to a problem.
• Bridging offers a new option devised to satisfy all parties on important issues.

Question 11

Three (3) forms of power

Answer 11

• Dominance
• Prevention
• Empowerment

Question 12

Power indicators

Answer 12

• General
• Verbal
• Nonverbal

Question 13

Power resources

Answer 13

• Information
• Expertise
• Punishment & Rewards
• Personal Qualities
• Legitimate authority

Question 14

Responses to powers (AKA: C-A-R-D-S)

Answer 14

• Compliance
• Alliance
• Resistance
• Defiance
• Significance

Question 15

Conflict

Answer 15

the expressed struggle of interconnected parties
o The struggle must be expressed
o Behavior must produce consequences for other members
o Involves interference from each other in attaining goals

Question 16

Destructive Conflict

Answer 16

characterized by dominating escalating competing having inflexible communication patterns
o Conflict is pushed to unmanageable levels
o Focused on hurting opponent
o Engage in petty tactics to win
o Emotions take over- conflict is purely emotional

Question 17

Constructive Conflict

Answer 17

Characterized by being cooperative, deescalating of pettiness, we-oriented, flexible communication patterns.
o Focus on achieving a solution
o Allowing parties to agree or disagree while maintaining cordial relationship

Question 18

Styles of Conflict

Answer 18

Collaborating 
Accommodating
Compromising
Avoiding
Competing

Question 19

Collaborating

Answer 19

win win approach (confrontation, integration, smoothing)

Question 20

Accommodating

Answer 20

yields to concerns, high concern for social relationship

Question 21

Compromising

Answer 21

tries to balance the need of everyone involved. Give up something for something else.

Question 22

Avoiding

Answer 22

removing oneself from potentially unpleasant struggles

Question 23

Competing

Answer 23

win-lose, aggressive not assertive

Question 24

Ways of negotiating conflict

Answer 24

Tit or Tat
Reformed sinner
Positional bargaining
Principled Negotiation

Question 25

Principled Negotiation 4 basic elements

Answer 25

Principled negotiation embodies the essential elements of competent communication.

People
Interests
Opinion
Criteria

Question 26

Types of conflict

Answer 26

(task, relational, values)

Question 27

Task Conflict

Answer 27

occurs when parties are not able to move forward on a task

Question 28

Relationship

Answer 28

conflict between group members who may not get along

Question 29

Values

Answer 29

conflict between group members who have different values and beliefs

Question 30

Tit for Tat

Answer 30

begins with an act of cooperating, and if the other party or parties in the negotiation follow suit and cooperate, you continue to do the same (you reciprocate). If, however, the other party competes after your initial cooperative offer, then you match them by competing (again you reciprocate).

Question 31

reformed sinner strategy

Answer 31

initially competes or acts tough, then cooperates and relaxes demands.

Question 32

Positional bargaining

Answer 32

parties take positions on contested issues, then they haggle back and forth until concessions are made and an agreement is reached.