malnutrition and nutrition assessment

Question 1

define malnutrition

Answer 1

state of nutrition in which imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients causes measurable adverse effects on tissue or body form, and function and clinical outcome

Question 2

diagnosing malnutrition

Answer 2

nutrition screening then nutrition assessment

Question 3

describe nutrition screening

Answer 3

quick, simple and practical; during initial assessment of patient or at regular intervals by a non-nutrition professional

Question 4

describe nutrition assessment

Answer 4

more detailed, in depth; could use anthropometrics; by a dietitian or specialist nutrition nurse

Question 5

methods of assessing nutritional status: body size changes

Answer 5

weight, % weight loss, BMI, muscle circumference, handgrip, skinfold thickness

Question 6

methods of assessing nutritional status: food intake

Answer 6

diet history, 3-7 day food diary

Question 7

methods of assessing nutritional status: biochemistry

Answer 7

albumin and CRP, creatinine, cholesterol

Question 8

5 enteral access routes

Answer 8

nasogastric, gastrostomy, nasoduodenal, nasojejunal, jejunostomy

Question 9

define refeeding syndrome

Answer 9

syndrome consisting of metabolic disturbances due to reinstitution of nutrition to patients who arestarved or severely malnourished

Question 10

consequences of refeeding syndrome

Answer 10

hypophosphataemia, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesia; all impact cardiac, respiratory and neuro-muscular systems

Question 11

3 managements of refeeding syndrome

Answer 11

daily biochemistry by replacing electrolytes as required; vitamin suppplementation for first 10 days of feeding (vitamin B co strong/thiamine); start nutrition support at maximum of 10 kcal/kg/day, increasing slowly