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Anatomy > Upper Extremity - Arm and Elbow > Flashcards

Upper Extremity - Arm and Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

The arm can be divided into 2 compartments

A

anterior

posterior

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2
Q

what nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

musculocutaneous N. (C5, C6)

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3
Q

what nerve supplies the post compartment of the arm?

A

radial N.

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4
Q

name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

A

biceps brachii
brachialis
coracobrachialis

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5
Q

biceps brachii

A

O: supraglenoid tubercle (long head); tip of coracoid process of scapula (short head)
I: radial tuberosity and deep fascia of forearm through bicipital aponeurosis
A: supination of forearm and flexion of elbow

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6
Q

Brachialis

A

O: distal half of anterior surface of humerus
I: ulnar tuberosity
A: PRIME MOVER for flexion of elbow

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7
Q

what muscle is in the post compartment of the arm?

A

triceps brachii

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8
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

O: infraglenoid tubercle (long head), post surface of shaft of humerus above and below the radial groove (lateral and medial heads) respectively
I: olecranon process
N: radial N
A: PRIME MOVER for extension of elbow and GH joint (long head only)

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9
Q

the brachial artery is the continuation of the ______after the lower border of teres major

A

axillary A.

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10
Q

the brachial artery descends in the _______

A

medial bicipital groove

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11
Q

what artery supplies the triceps and the elbow?

A

deep brachial A

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12
Q

what nerve penetrates coracobrachialis?

A

musculocutaneous N.

direct branch of the lat cord of brachial plexus

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13
Q

draw the sensory innervation of the arm and forearm

A

see notes

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14
Q

Radial N.

A

direct branch from the post cord of brachial plexus

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15
Q

the radial nerve descends in the ______

A

radial (spiral) groove of the humerus

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16
Q

complete a diagram of the UE innervation

A

see notes

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17
Q

complete a diagram of the UE arterial supply

A

see notes

18
Q

the joint capsule of the elbow is supported by?

A 
the ulnar (medial) collateral lig
the radial (lateral) collateral lig
anterior oblique lig (runs inferiorly and laterally)
19
Q

Before the age of 10 there is a high risk for radial dislocation, why?

A

head of radius not developed fully

annular ligament cannot hold the radius in place against the ulna

20
Q

what are some sources of elbow pain?

A

anterior: biceps tendon, brachialis, loose bodies, fx pain
posterior: triceps tendinopathy, olecranon bursa, posterior impingement (less common), fx, loose body

Laterally: C5, C6, C7 referred pain , wrist extensors (ECRL, ECRB), OA, LCL lig, abnormal neural tension, pulled elbow

medially: wrist flexors, MCL

21
Q

What are some MOIs for the elbow?

A

FOOSH
Overuse activity? (dominant arm)
Sport? Change in training volume? (throwing)
Pop? Ligamentous injury?
Occupational demands (lifting, carrying, sorting, etc.)
Functional limitations
How long ago? What’s changed?
consider age: lat epicondyle (~35y); osteochondritis dessicans (older); pulled elbow (very young)

22
Q

capsular patterns of the elbow

A

JOINT CAPSULAR PATTERN
Humeroulnar Flexion > Extension
Radiohumeral Flexion > Extension > supination > pronation
Proximal Radioulnar Supination > Pronation
Distal Radioulnar Full ROM, pain at extremes of rotation

23
Q

what is tennis elbow?

A

lateral epicondylitis of the elbow

the muscles that attach -wrist extensors

24
Q

what is golfer’s elbow?

A

medial epicondylitis of the elbow

the muscles that attach - wrist flexors

25
Q

what are some sources of elbow pain?

A

anterior: biceps tendon, brachialis, loose bodies, fx pain
posterior: triceps tendinopathy, olecranon bursa, posterior impingement (less common), fx, loose body

Laterally: C5, C6, C7 referred pain , wrist extensors (ECRL, ECRB), OA, LCL lig, abnormal neural tension, pulled elbow

medially: wrist flexors, MCL

26
Q

complete a diagram of the UE innervation

A

see notes

27
Q

complete a diagram of the UE arterial supply

A

see notes

28
Q

the joint capsule of the elbow is supported by?

A 
the ulnar (medial) collateral lig
the radial (lateral) collateral lig
anterior oblique lig (runs inferiorly and laterally)
29
Q

Before the age of 10 there is a high risk for radial dislocation, why?

A

head of radius not developed fully

annular ligament cannot hold the radius in place against the ulna

30
Q

what are some sources of elbow pain?

A

anterior: biceps tendon, brachialis, loose bodies, fx pain
posterior: triceps tendinopathy, olecranon bursa, posterior impingement (less common), fx, loose body

Laterally: C5, C6, C7 referred pain , wrist extensors (ECRL, ECRB), OA, LCL lig, abnormal neural tension, pulled elbow

medially: wrist flexors, MCL

31
Q

What are some MOIs for the elbow?

A

FOOSH
Overuse activity? (dominant arm)
Sport? Change in training volume? (throwing)
Pop? Ligamentous injury?
Occupational demands (lifting, carrying, sorting, etc.)
Functional limitations
How long ago? What’s changed?
consider age: lat epicondyle (~35y); osteochondritis dessicans (older); pulled elbow (very young)

32
Q

capsular patterns of the elbow

A

JOINT CAPSULAR PATTERN
Humeroulnar Flexion > Extension
Radiohumeral Flexion > Extension > supination > pronation
Proximal Radioulnar Supination > Pronation
Distal Radioulnar Full ROM, pain at extremes of rotation

33
Q

what is tennis elbow?

A

lateral epicondylitis of the elbow

the muscles that attach -wrist extensors

34
Q

what is golfer’s elbow?

A

medial epicondylitis of the elbow

the muscles that attach - wrist flexors

35
Q

what is the resting position of the humeroulnar joint during traction?

A

70 deg of flexion, 10 deg of supination

36
Q

what is the resting position of the humeroradial joint during manual therapy?

A

full extension and supination

37
Q

what is the resting position of the proximal radioulnar joint during manual therapy?

A

70 deg of flexion, 35 deg of supination

38
Q

to increase flexion at the humeroradial joint in what glide would you use?

A

anterior glide

39
Q

to increase extension at the humeroradial joint what glide would you use?

A

posterior glide

40
Q

to increase supination at the proximal radioulnar joint what glide would you use?

A

anterior glide

41
Q

to increase pronation at the proximal radioulnar joint what glide would you use?

A

posterior glide

Anatomy (10 decks)

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