Ear, nose and throat Flashcards

1
Q

What does BPPV stand for?

A

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

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2
Q

Define BPPV

A

A vertigo sensation lasting seconds to minutes that is triggered by change of head position

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3
Q

What is the aetiology of BPPV

A

Displacement of otoliths in the semicircular canals

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4
Q

What investigation is done for BPPV?

A

Hallpike test

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5
Q

Define menieres disease (3 factors)

A

Recurrent episodes of:

  1. Tinnitus
  2. Paroxysmal vertigo
  3. Unilateral fluctuating hearing loss
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6
Q

What is the aetiology of menieres disease

A

Disturbed endolymph homeostasis

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7
Q

Recall the symptoms of meniere’s disease

A
Vertigo
Tinnitus
Hearing loss
Nausea
Headaches
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8
Q

What makes up the lining of a thyroglossal cyst?

A

Epithelium

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9
Q

What is the mean age of presentation of a thyroglossal cyst?

A

5

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10
Q

Describe the symptoms of a thyroglossal cyst

A

Smooth lump

Doesn’t usually cause any other symptoms but may become tender if there is infection

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11
Q

Recall an important sign to elicit to diagnose thyroglossal cyst

A

It will move upwards on tongue protrusion

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12
Q

Recall 3 important differentials in suspected thyroglossal cyst

A

Ectopic thyroid tissue
Dermoid cyst
Lymph node

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13
Q

What is the most common pathogen implicated in bacterial tonsilitis?

A

Group A streptococcus

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