B9-Respiration

Question 1

Aerobic respiration word equation

Answer 1

Oxygen+glucose->water+carbon dioxide (+energy)

Question 2

Where does respiration take place

Answer 2

Mostly in the mitochondria

Question 3

Why is respiration important

Answer 3

supplies all energy needs for living processed in cells: basic functions, build up large molecules from smaller ones to make cell material and reverse during digestion and building activities (synthesis reaction)

Question 4

Aerobic respiration chemical equation

Answer 4

6O2+C6H12O6->6H2O+6CO2

Question 5

What happens during exercise

Answer 5

During exercise muscles contract
so they need more energy
therefore must respire more
So breathing rate increases at get more O2 into blood and remove more CO2
And heart rate increases as pumps more blood to deliver O2/glucose and remove CO2 to lungs

Question 6

Also during exercise

Answer 6

Increase in blood and glucose…from liver storage in liver
Increase in blood flow to muscles (vasodilation)
Decrease in blood flow to digestive (vasoconstrictive)

Question 7

If oxygen can’t be delivered quickly enough, energy can still be released from glucose

Answer 7

Glucose->lactic acid
However oxygen must later be used to remove the lactic acid:
Lactic acid+oxygen->carbon dioxide+water
This is known as the oxygen debt

Question 8

Plants and microorganisms can also respire without oxygen

Answer 8

When plants respire they do not form lactic acid although some microorganisms do

Question 9

Fermentation is

Answer 9

Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is known as

Question 10

Glucose->

Answer 10

Ethanol+carbon dioxide (energy transferred to the environment)

Question 11

Metabolism

Answer 11

sum of all the reactions in a cell or in the body of an organism.

Question 12

Some energy is transferred by the organism for continual enzyme-controlled process of metabolism that

Answer 12

Make molecules or break them down

Question 13

Examples of metabloic reactions

Answer 13

Conversion of glucose to starch,glycogen and cellulose, formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and 3 fatty acids, use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amnio acids that are then used to make proteins, reaction of respiration, reaction of photosynthesis and breakdown of excess proteins in the liver to form urea excretion in th urine by the kidneys.

Question 14

Role of the liver

Answer 14

very active organ with many different metabolic function e.g:
Detoxifying poisonous substances like ethanol from alcoholic drinks
Passing the breakdown products into the blood so they can be excreted in the urine via the kidneys
Breaking down old, worn out blood cells and storing the iron until it is needed to synthesise more blood cells.
Removing lactic acid:

Question 15

Liver also removes lactic acid:

Answer 15

lactic acid produced by muscles during anaerobic respiration. Blood flowing through the muscles transports lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back into glucose. The oxygen debt is repaid once the lactic acid has been converted back to glucose this has been completely broken down in anaerobic respiration to form carbon dioxide and water. If it’s not needed the glucose made from lactic acid may be converted to glycogen and stored in the liver until needed.