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FINALS Cardio > ECGs > Flashcards

ECGs Flashcards

1
Q

Steps of interpreting ECG

A 
Rate (300/RR)
Rhythm (regular/irregular)
QRS (wide/narrow)
P waves?
P-QRS relationship
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2
Q

DDx of narrow complex tachycardia

A

Sinus tachycardia
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Flutter

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3
Q

DDx of broad complex tachycardia

A

VF

VT

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4
Q

DDx of bradycardia

A

Sinus bradycardia
Sick sinus syndrome
Heart block

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5
Q

What does 1st degree HB look like on an ECG?

A

Long fixed PR interval

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6
Q

What does Mobitz type I look like on an ECG?

A

Prolonging PR intervals then dropped QRS

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7
Q

What does Mobitz type II look like on an ECG?

A

PR interval constant but randomly dropped QRS complexes

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8
Q

What does 3rd degree (complete HB look like on an ECG?

A

No association between p wave and QRS complex

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9
Q

What does LBBB look like on ECG?

A

Negative QRS in V1

Positive QRS in V6

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10
Q

What does RBBB look like on ECG?

A

Positive QRS in V1

Negative QRS in V6

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11
Q

Causes of LBBB

A

NEW LBBB = ISCHAEMIA UNTIL PROVEN OTHERWISE
Aortic Stenosis
Hyperkalaemia

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12
Q

Causes of RBBB

A

Cor pulmonale
PE
IHD
Cardiomyopathy

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13
Q

What does hyperkalaemia look like on ECG?

A

Tall tented T waves
Long PR
Loss of p waves

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14
Q

What is torsades des pointes?

A

Polymorphic VT associated with prolonged QT

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15
Q

Causes of long QT

A

Anti-arrhythmics (amiodarone, sotalol, class 1a anti-arrhythmics)
Hypo/hyperkalaemia, hypomagnesaemia, hypercalcaemia
Anti-psychotics, anti-histamine, anti-malarials
Ischaemia
Myocarditis
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

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16
Q

Management of torsades des pointes

A

IV magnesium sulphate

17
Q

What does pericarditis look like on ECG?

A 
'saddle-shaped' ST elevation 
PR depression (most specific findings)
18
Q

What leads is a lateral MI in?

A

I
V5
V6

19
Q

What leads in an anterior MI in?

A

V1
V2
V3
V4

20
Q

What leads is an inferior MI in?

A

II
III
aVF

21
Q

Which artery is involved in a lateral MI?

A

Circumflex artery

22
Q

Which artery is involved in an inferior MI?

A

Right coronary artery

23
Q

Which artery is involved in an anterior MI?

A

Left anterior descending artery

FINALS Cardio (6 decks)

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