7B - Avoiding cognitive dissonance using cognitive biases

Question 1

Anchoring bias

Answer 1

the tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of info what we learn when we make decisions

Question 1

Cognitive dissonance

Answer 1

the discomfort that people experience when they have conflicting beliefs or when their behaviours contradict their beliefs

Question 2

Attentional bias

Answer 2

our tendency to pay attention to some things and ignore others thereby limiting our options

Question 3

Confirmation bias

Answer 3

the tendency to seek, favour, or remember info that supports and existing belief rather than the contrary info

Question 4

False-consensus bias

Answer 4

the tendency to overestimate how much others share our opinions or beliefs

Question 5

Functional fixedness

Answer 5

a cognitive bias involving the tendency to regard objects as only having one function or as working in a specific way

Question 6

Misinformation effect

Answer 6

a cognitive bias in which info that is received after an event interferes with a persons original memory of the event

Question 7

optimism bias

Answer 7

our tendency to underestimate the chances of negative events happening and overestimate the chances of positive events happening

Question 8

Dunning-Kruger effect

Answer 8

a cognitive bias in which people with low skills or ability in a specific are overestimate their abilities and performance

while people with high skills or abilities in a specific area underestimate their abilities and performance