7B. Meiosis

Question 1

Meiosis 1

Answer 1

separates each homologous chromosome into 2 different cells

Question 2

Meiosis 2

Answer 2

separates each sister chromatid into 4 different cells.

Question 3

Crossing over is…

Answer 3

During prophase 1, homologous chromosomes pair up and cross over

Question 4

Independent assortment is…

Answer 4

During metaphase 1, homologous chromosomes are oriented randomly.

Question 5

Independent assortment results in…

Answer 5

genetic diversity of daughter cells with 8.3 million possible combinations.

Question 6

Recombinant chromosomes are

Answer 6

The result of homologous chromosomes swapping genetic information

Question 7

Role of the gonads (sexual organs)

Answer 7

Create gametes through meiosis.

Question 8

Meiosis creates…

Answer 8

Germline cells

Question 9

Meiosis is…

Answer 9

production of haploid gametes from diploid cells, including process like crossing over and independent assortment for genetic diversity

Question 10

When fertilisation occurs

Answer 10

sperm cell + egg cell = diploid zygote

Question 11

Meiosis produces sperm and egg cells which are haploid (n) that contains

Answer 11

one copy of each chromosome

Question 12

Interphase

Answer 12

Cells grow and duplicate each chromosome

Question 13

Prophase

Answer 13

Nuclear membrane breaks down, chromosomes condense and spindle fibres form (crossing over occurs in Prophase 1)

Question 14

Metaphase

Answer 14

Homologous chromosomes/sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate of the cell. Chromosomes attach to microtubules (independent assortment occurs in Metaphase 1).

Question 15

Anaphase

Answer 15

Homologous chromosomes/sister chromatids move apart to the opposite poles of the cell. The chromosomes are still attached to the centromere.

Question 16

Telophase

Answer 16

Each chromosome/chromatid arrives at opposite ends of the cell and a cleavage furrow forms so that they can chromosomes undergo cytokinesis. Nuclear membrane forms, chromosomes decondense.