7Ba- Animal Sexual Reproduction Flashcards
What are gametes?
Gametes are the two specialised cells ( sex cells ) involved in reproduction; sperm cells ( male ) and egg cells ( female ).
What does fertilisation mean?
Fertilisation is the process in which a sperm cell enters an egg cell and the two nuclei of the cells fuse ( become one ).
What is external fertilisation?
External fertilisation is when fertilisation ( the sperm cells reache the egg ) occurs outside the bodies of the animals.
What is internal fertilisation?
Internal fertilisation is when fertilisation ( the sperm cells reache the egg ) occurs inside the bodies of the animals, which happens by the male inserting the sperm cells IN the female
What is the menopause?
It’s the period of time in which a woman stops releasing egg cells.
What is a embryo?
A embryo is when both gametes continue dividing and form a ball of cells (embryo).
How does a woman become pregnant?
After the sexual intercourse and the forming on the embryo, it sinks into the soft lining of the uterus (implantation).
What is the gestation period?
The gestation period is the time from fertilisation until birth.
What is a foetus?
A foetus is the transformation of a embryo. Once the embryo develops a full set of organs (heart, lungs, liver etc) it becomes a foetus.
How can alcohol (and illegal drugs such as heroin) damage a foetus’ brain?
This is because woman that smoke ( as an example of a drug ) carry less oxygen in their blood, which means the foetus doesn’t get the amount of oxygen needed. It might also make a premature foetus ( born small and early)
What are the ( physical )changes in a boy during puberty?
Voice deepens, shoulders get wider hair grows under arms, on face and chest, they catch a stronger body smell, pubic hair grows, testes and penis get bigger, and the testes start to make sperm.
What are the ( physical ) changes in a girl during puberty?
Stronger body smell, underarm hair grows. Breasts develop, ovaries start to release eggs, hips get wider and pubic hair grows.
