7th Grade Midterm Science Study Guide

Question 1

Abiotic Matter

Answer 1

Matter that makes up the nonliving parts of and ecosystem, such as water, air, and rocks

Question 2

Amino Acids

Answer 2

Molecules that are the building blocks of protein

Question 3

Antibiotics

Answer 3

Medicines that kill microorganisms, especially bacteria

Question 4

Bacteria

Answer 4

Tiny organisms that are made in a single cell; prokaryotic

Question 5

Biotic Matter

Answer 5

Matter that makes up the living and dead organisms in an ecosystem

Question 6

Carbon

Answer 6

A type of atom that makes up such as carbon dioxide and energy storage molecules

Question 7

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 7

A molecule made of carbon and oxygen atoms

Question 8

Cells

Answer 8

The tiny structures that make up all living things and are the smallest units able to perform life functions

Question 9

Cellular Respiration

Answer 9

The chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into cells

Question 10

Circulatory System

Answer 10

The body system that transports molecules to and from all cells of the body

Question 11

Consumer

Answer 11

An organism that needs to eat in order to get energy storage molecules

Question 12

Decomposer

Answer 12

An organism that gets energy storage molecules by breaking down dead matter

Question 13

Digestive System

Answer 13

The body system that takes in food and breaks it down

Question 14

Ecosystem

Answer 14

All the living things in a particular area

Question 15

Energy

Answer 15

The ability to make things move or change

Question 16

Function

Answer 16

How something works

Question 17

Glucose

Answer 17

A molecule that organisms can use to release energy, and that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms

Question 18

Infection

Answer 18

Sickness caused by harmful microorganisms

Question 19

Metabolism

Answer 19

The body’s use of molecules for energy and growth

Question 20

Microbiome

Answer 20

All of the microorganisms that live in a particular environment such as a human body

Question 21

Microorganism

Answer 21

An organism that it too small to be seen by the naked eye

Question 22

Microscopic

Answer 22

Too small to be seen by the naked eye

Question 23

Molecule

Answer 23

A group of atoms joined together in a particular way; water, carbon dioxide

Question 24

Organism

Answer 24

A living thing, such as plants, animals, and bacteria

Question 25

Photosynthesis

Answer 25

The process by which plants and other producers use energy from sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose

Question 26

Producer

Answer 26

An organism that can make its own energy storage molecules

Question 27

Proteins

Answer 27

A category of large molecules that perform important functions inside living things

Question 28

Reasoning

Answer 28

The process of making clear how your evidence supports your claim

Question 29

Respiratory System

Answer 29

The body system that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide

Question 30

Scale

Answer 30

The relative size of things

Question 31

Scientific Argument

Answer 31

A claim supported by evidence

Question 32

Starch

Answer 32

A type of energy storage molecules made out of glucose molecules connected together

Question 33

Structure

Answer 33

The way something is shaped or constructed

Question 34

System

Answer 34

A set of interacting parts forming a whole

Question 35

Explain how the cells of the body use starch and protein.

Answer 35

Starch starts in the digestive system and is broken down into glucose. Glucose enters the circulatory system and goes into the cells in your body. Inside your cells, glucose combines with oxygen in the mitochondria for cellular respiration. This provides your body with energy. Protein is broken down into amino acids in your digestive system. The amino acids enter the circulatory system and are transported to the cells of the body. The amino acids provide the cells with the ability to do respiration. They are also turned into proteins inside the cell.

Question 36

Why does diabetes make a person tired?

Answer 36

Starch is broken down into glucose in the digestive system. The glucose enters the circulatory system. However, in a person with diabetes, the body does not have adequate insulin to take the glucose into the cells. Thus glucose builds up in the circulatory system. Without glucose, the mitochondria of the cells cannot do respiration. Cellular respiration takes oxygen and glucose and gives off energy. A body with diabetes cannot make this energy, so the individual feels very tired.

Question 37

Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration work together

Answer 37

Producers use sunlight to make food. This process is called photosynthesis. Water+carbon dioxide with the sun makes glucose+oxygen. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast of the cell. Producers, decomposers, and consumers perform respiration in the mitochondria of the cell. Oxygen+glucose make carbon dioxide+water+ATP. Producers use CO2, H2O, and energy to do photosynthesis. Most organisms use glucose photosynthesis to survive. consumers, decomposers, producers, and energy is living

Question 38

What would happen to an ecosystem if all decomposers were taken out?

Answer 38

Decomposers release carbon back into the air from dead organisms. Without decomposers, carbon is trapped in the dead matter in the ground. Thus, producers cannot use carbon for photosynthesis. Without photosynthesis, the entire ecosystem collapses.