8/8 - Diseases of Immunity Flashcards
(55 cards)
what disease has swan-neck and boutonniere deformities
rheumatoid arthritis
what is a chronic autoimmune disorder that principally attacks the joints, producing nonsuppurative prolierative and inflammatory synovitis
rhematoid arthritis
RA often progresses to ___ and in some cases ___
articular cartilage destruction; joint fusion (ankylosis)
extraarticulator lesions of ___ may involve skin, BV, lungs and heart leading to clinical manifestations that overlap w/ other autoimmune disorders including SLE and scleroderma
rhematoid artheritis
prevalence of RA in US
1% in US population
age of people affected by RA
2nd to 4th decades
what sex predominantly affects RA
women
what disease principally attacks joints; extraarticular lesions may involve skin, heart, BV and lungs
RA
what contributes to development, progression, and persistence of disease of RA
- genetic predisposition
- environmental factors
autoimmune response of RA is initiated by what
CD4+ helper T cells
pathologic changes of RA are mediated by what
antibodies against self antibodies against self antigens and inflammation induces cytokines, predoimnantly induced CD4+ t cells
activated ___ release inflammatory mediators that stimulate inflammatory cells leading to tissue injury in RA
CD4+ T cells
___ and ___ from ___ stimulate resident synovial cells to secrete proteases and destroy hyaline cartilage
TNF, IL-1, macrophages
RA begins with what symptoms
malaise, fatigue, and generalized musculoskeletal pain
joint involvement of RA begins when
after weeks to months - general symmetrical and effects small joints before larger ones
described joints involved in RA
swollen, warm, and painful
B)
which arthritis is better with movement? which arthritis doesn’t get better with movement?
osteoarthritis = movement is better
rheumatoid arthritis = movement doesn’t get better
what produces radial deviation of the wrist, ulnar deviation of fingers and flexion-hyperextension of the fingers
RA
in RA, what becomes edematous, thickened, and hyperplastic transforming its smooth contour to one covered by delicate and bulbous villi
synovium
characteristic features of RA tissue injury
- synovial cell: hyperplasia and proliferation
- dense inflammatory infiltrate
- increased vascularity
- fibrinopurulent exudate
- osteoclastic activity in subchondral bone
buzz word PANNUS = ___
RA
how does pannus cause RA
grows over synovium an causes erosion of articular cartilage. pannus then bridges opposing bones to form fibrous ankylosis which ossifies, resulting in bone fusion or bony ankylosis)
80% of patients have which antibodies in RA? what are these autoantibodies called?
IgM or IgA reacting against self-IgG = called rheumatoid factor (RF)
! what are diagnostic markers that can be detected in serum of up to 70% of RA patients
anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPAs)
