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WSET Diploma D4 - Sparkling Wines > 8. Cava > Flashcards

8. Cava Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the industry body that oversees Cava production?

A

Consejo Regulador del Cava

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2
Q

What are the three traditional varieties used in Cava production?

A

1) Macabeo
2) Xarel-lo
3) Parellada

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3
Q

What international variety is increasingly used?

A

Chardonnay

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4
Q

In which region is most fruit for Cava grown and most Cava produced?

A

Penedes, Cataluna

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5
Q

What is the climate of Penedes?

A

Mediterranean

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6
Q

Up to what altitude are vines planted in Penedes?

A

200-300m and as high as 700-800m

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7
Q

What are the two general soil types of Penedes?

A

1) Alluvial soils and clay at lower altitudes
2) Stony clay and granite at higher altitudes

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8
Q

What makes Penedes soil types suitable for viticulture? (3)

A

Low in nutrients
Good drainage
Adequate water retention

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9
Q

What is the climate of Lleida/Lerida?

A

Mediterranean near the coast with continental influences inland.

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10
Q

What has allowed the former semi-desert region of Lleide/Lerida to grown grapes?

A

An irrigation system with water from the Pyrenees.

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11
Q

What is the climate of Tarragona?

A

Mediterranean

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12
Q

What is the main grape variety planted in Tarragona?

A

Macabeo.

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13
Q

What are the four black grape varieties used in Cava production?

A

1) Garnacha Tinta
2) Trepat
3) Pinot Noir
4) Monastrell

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14
Q

At what altitude is Macabeo typically planted?

A

100-300m

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15
Q

When does Macabeo bud?

A

Late

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16
Q

Which of the local varieties is picked first?

A

Macabeo

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17
Q

What is Macabeo susceptible to? (2)

A

1) Botrytis
2) Bacterial blight

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18
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety for Cava?

A

Macabeo

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19
Q

At what altitude is Xarel-lo typically planted?

A

0-400m

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20
Q

When does Xarel-lo bud and ripen?

A

Mid-budding & mid-ripening

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21
Q

What is Xarel-lo susceptible to? (2)

A

1) Powdery mildew
2) Downy mildew

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22
Q

At what altitude is Parellada typically planted?

A

~500m

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23
Q

What is the latest ripening local variety?

A

Parellada

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24
Q

What is the lowest yielding local variety?

A

Parellada

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25
When does Parellada bud?
Early
26
When does Parellada ripen?
Late
27
What is Parellada susceptible to?
Powdery mildew
28
What common Spanish variety is not permitted in the production of Cava (rosado)?
Tempranillo
29
At what densities are vines for Cava production planted?
1,500-3,500 vines/ha
30
How are Cava vines trained?
1) Bush 2) Single/double cordon
31
When is irrigation permitted?
To relieve extreme hydric stress
32
For what two reasons are rootstocks chosen?
1) Tolerance to lime 2) To control vigour
33
How are vineyards treated to counteract both mildews and botrytis?
Copper and sulfur
34
What canopy management technique assists with rot prevention?
Removing leaves from the north side of the row to aid air circulation and reduce shade.
35
What is the main pest in Cava vineyards and how is it managed?
1) Grapevine moth 2) Sexual confusion
36
Why is 90% of fruit hand harvested? (2)
1) Scattered ownership 2) Uneven terrain
37
In what size crates is basic and premium fruit loaded for transport?
1) 25kg 2) 10kg
38
How must Rosado be produced?
25% black grapes by skin contact.
39
What is the maximum yield for Cava?
79 hL/ha 100 litres from 150kg
40
What are two reasons why the use of reserve wines uncommon?
1) Vintage variation is limited 2) To keep costs down
41
How has fast disgorge been achieved? (3)
1) Gyropalettes 2) Yeast strain selection for quick flocculation 3) Bottles with smooth inside glass
42
What sweetness is most Cava?
Brut (8-9 g/L)
43
In which markets is Medium-Dry (Semi-Secco) popular?
Spain & Germany
44
What were the three original categories of Cava?
1) Cava 2) Cava Reserva 3) Cava Gran Reserva
45
What is the minimum lees ageing term for Cava?
9 months
46
What is the minimum lees ageing term for Cava Reserva?
18 months.
47
What is the minimum lees ageing term for Cava Gran Reserva?
30 months.
48
In what year was Cava de Paraje Calificado established?
2017
49
Why was Cava de Paraje Calificado established?
In response to discontent with the perceived image of Cava as an inexpensive wine of only good quality.
50
What is the new name for young Cava DO?
Cava de Guarda
51
What category now includes Cava Gran Reserva and Cava Reserva?
Cava de Guarda Superior
52
In addition to the minimum lees ageing term of Cava DO, Cava de Guarda must also be what?
Traceable from vineyard to bottle.
53
What are the additional five requirements of Cava de Guarda Superior? Vine age Fruit production Yield Accountability Labelling
1) Minimum vine age of 10 years 2) Certified grown organically 3) Maximum yield of 10 tonnes/ha 4) Traceable from vineyard to bottle 5) State year of harvest
54
In addition to the five requirements of Cava de Guarda Superior, Cava de Guarda Superior wines may also use what labelling term?
100% Integral Producer/Elaboraderes Integrales if the company carries out the entire production itself.
55
What are the four separate registers the Consejo Regulador del Cava maintains?
1) Growers 2) Producers of base wine 3) Storekeepers of base wines 4) Cava producers
56
May a Cava producer feature on more than one Consejo Regulador del Cava register?
Yes
57
What are the four main export markets for Cava?
1) Germany 2) Belgium 3) UK 4) USA
58
What is the current trend of Cava sales?
Plateaued since 2010
59
What is Classic Penedes? (4) When Method Ageing Fruit (not varieties)
1) A sparkling wine category introduced in 2014 2) Wines made using certified organic fruit 3) Traditional method 4) Minimum 15 months ageing
60
What is Corpinnat? (5)
A producer group committed to making traditional method wines with: 1) 100% certified organic grapes 2) 90% local varieties 3) Grown in Penedes 4) Hand-harvested 5) Vinified entirely on the premises of the winery
61
What are the three minimum ageing categories within Corpinnat?
1) 18 2) 30 3) 60 months
62
What are the two requirements of Espumoso de Calidad de Rioja?
1) Hand-harvest 2) Traditional method
63
What are the three tiers of Espumoso de Calidad de Rioja?
1) Crianza (lees for 15 months) 2) Reserva (24 months) 3) Grana Anada (36 months)
64
What is Espumoso de Calidad de Rioja?
A classification approved in 2017 by Rioja DOCa that approved the name Rioja for sparkling wine production.
65
In which city are the main wineries?
Sant Sadurni d’Anoia

WSET Diploma D4 - Sparkling Wines (24 decks)

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