8 - Cervical cancer Flashcards
(28 cards)
main cause of cervical cancer?
infection with Papilloma viruses (HPV)
common result of cervical cancer being missed and not treated?
squamous cell carcinoma
how common is cervical cancer in women?
10th commonest cancer in UK for women
peak age for cervical cancer?
45-55 years old
name 5 risk factors for cervical cancer?
HPV related
Multiple sexual partners
Early age at first intercourse
Older age of partner
Cigarette smoking
relationship between deprivation and cervical cancer?
patient is more at risk the more deprived they are
5 symptoms of cervical cancer?
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Post coital bleeding
Intermenstrual bleeding/PMB
Discharge
Pain
what is key to understand about cervical screenings?
they are used to detect PRE-CANCEROUS disease, NOT CANCER
how do the tumour cells. infiltrate?
they invade into the underlying stroma
80% of cervical cancers?
squamous carcinoma
what is adenocarcinoma AKA?
endocervical
describe stage IA1 of cervical cancer?
≤ 3 mm depth and ≤7 mm diameter
describe stage IA2 of cervical cancer?
≤ 5 mm x7 mm
describe stage IB of cervical cancer?
clinical tumours confined to the cervix
describe the 3 stages of local spread of cervical cancer?
stage 2: Vagina (upper 2/3)
Stage 3: lower vagina & pelvis
Stage 4 bladder & rectum
describe the lymphatic spread of cervical cancer?
via pelvic nodes
describe the blood spread of cervical cancer?
liver
lungs
bone
2 imaging techniques to determine cervical cancer staging?
PET-CT
MRI
treatment of stage IA1 cervical cancer?
Type 3 Excision of the cervical TZ
OR
hysterectomy
treatment of stage IB cervical cancer?
Radical hysterectomy
OR
chemo-radiotherapy
treatment of stage 11B-1V cervical cancer?
Chemo-Radiotherapy
define radical hysterectomy?
Exploration of pelvic and para-aortic space
5 parts removed by radical hysterectomy?
Uterus
cervix
upper vagina
Parametria
Pelvic nodes
what is preserved in pre-menopausal women during radical hysterectomy?
ovaries
