8 PRINCIPLES AND 6 PATHOGENIC FACTORS

Question 1

6 PATHOGENIC FACTORS

Answer 1

Wind
Cold
Heat
Dampness
Dryness
Summer Heat

Question 2

Is wind yin or yang

Answer 2

yang

Question 3

What is this describing?
- Usually used as a source for other factors to enter
- Arises quickly and changes rapidly
- Moves around
- Causes tremors or convulsions, stiffness, paralysis

Answer 3

WIND

Question 4

When Wind invades the muscles and channels:

Answer 4

Stiffness, rigidity, contraction of the muscles with sudden onset

Question 5

When Wind invades the joints:

Answer 5

Pain that moves from joint to joint, especially the upper
part of the body

Question 6

Aversion to cold
Chills
Sneezing
Cough white white discharge
Runny nose with white discharge
Body stiffness and aches
Pulses: maybe Floating, but often no change from normal
Tongue: no change from normal

What is the disease?

Answer 6

WIND COLD

Question 7

Fever
Sneezing
Cough with yellow discharge
Runny nose with yellow mucus
Itchy and/or sore throat
Swollen tonsils, red back of throat
Pulses: maybe superficial, but usually no change
Tongue: no change from normal

What is the disease?

Answer 7

WIND HEAT

Question 8

Tremors, Tics
Itchy – Lung involved as well because of skin
Severe dizziness, vertigo
Severe cases of convulsions, unconsciousness, hemiplegia,
Deviation of mouth/tongue

Answer 8

INTERNAL WIND

Question 9

Injures Yang
Contracts and congeals
Causes clear discharge

Answer 9

COLD

Question 10

Sleepiness
White tongue coating and body discharges
Slow pulse
Craves warmth, aversion to cold, feels cold
Pale complexion
Lack of thirst
Loose stool
Clear and profuse urine – “not heat”
Day or night (any at night too much depending on age)

Answer 10

COLD

Question 11

Severe localized pain improved by heat – Excess or Deficiency ?

Answer 11

Excess

Question 12

Is heat ying or yang in nature?

Answer 12

YANG

Question 13

Blazes upwards
Drying - damages Blood and Yin
May cause bleeding
Potential to generate Wind when severe
Affects the mind

Answer 13

HEAT

Question 14

High fever, desires cold, aversion to heat, heat sensation
Redness - skin, face, eyes & complexion
Thirst
Constipation (complicated) or foul smelling diarrhea; foul smelling discharge
Scanty, dark yellow urine

Answer 14

HEAT

Question 15

Restlessness, irritability
Bleeding symptoms - cough, vomit, nose, gums, urine, stool, skin
Rapid anything – including pulse, breathing rate
Yellow tongue coating (full heat) and other body discharges, red tongue body

Answer 15

HEAT

Question 16

Is dampness excess of yin or yang?

Answer 16

Excess of Yin

Question 17

From damp environments: clothes, living, wading, diet,
lack of movement
Sticky and difficult to get rid of
HEAVY & SLOW

Answer 17

DAMPNESS

Question 18

Anything swollen and/or oozing
No appetite, bloating, made worse with food
Cloudiness of discharges
Pulses: Slippery
Tongue: Sticky coat and/or fat, swollen tongue

Answer 18

DAMPNESS

Question 19

All symptoms are DRY
Internal dryness is a form of Yin deficiency without heat signs
or symptoms
Can result from Heat too

Answer 19

DRYNESS

Question 20

Is summer heat yin or yang in nature?

Answer 20

Yang in nature

Question 21

Only in the “summer”
Like a heat stroke
Combo of Heat and Damp
Usually only encounter in 1st aid situation

Answer 21

Summer heat

Question 22

Aversion to heat
Sweating/ no
Headache
Scanty dark urine
Dry lips
Feeling of heaviness

Answer 22

Summer heat

Question 23

Irritability
Thirst, no thirst if severe
Pulses: Rapid
Tongue: Red on the sides and
tip
May see delirium, slurred
speech and unconsciousness

Answer 23

Summer Heat

Question 24

THE EIGHT PRINCIPLES

Answer 24

Exterior and Interior
Heat and Cold
Excess and Deficiency
Yin and Yang

Question 25

comprises the skin, muscles and channels

Answer 25

exterior

Question 26

Exterior patterns include

Answer 26

aversion to cold, ‘fever’, aching body, stiff neck and a floating pulse

Question 27

Space between skin and muscles where Wei Qi and sweat and located and first invaded by external pathogenic factors

Answer 27

Exterior

Question 28

When the Internal Organs are affected May have arisen from an exterior pathogenic factor, but once the disease penetrates into the Interior, it is defined as the Interior

Answer 28

INTERIOR

Question 29

Face: bright white Pain: Sharp,worse on pressure Bowels: better after bowel movement Pulse: Full-Tight-Deep Tongue: Thick white coating

Answer 29

Full-Cold

Question 30

Face: dull white Pain: dull, better on pressure Bowels: worse after bowel movement Pulse: weak-slow-Deep Tongue: thin white coating

Answer 30

empty-cold

Question 31

Characterized by the presence of a pathogenic factor while Upright Qi is relatively intact and actively fighting against the pathogenic factor

Answer 31

excess

Question 32

Pain worse with pressure Pain that is acute in onset Irritability, restlessness Strong voice

Answer 32

excess

Question 33

Characterized by Emptiness of the Upright Qi and the absence of a pathogenic factor

Answer 33

deficiency

Question 34

Pale face, weak voice, slight sweating, slight shortness of breath, fatigue, loose stools, poor appetite

Answer 34

Empty Qi:

Question 35

Bright pale face, cold limbs, absence of thirst, desire for hot drinks, frequent pale urination

Answer 35

Empty Yang

Question 36

Heat in the afternoon, dry throat at night, night sweats

Answer 36

Empty Yin

Question 37

Dull-pale face, pale lips, dry hair, blurred vision, tiredness, poor memory, insomnia, scanty periods

Answer 37

Empty Blood

Question 38

CAUSES OF DISEASE

Answer 38

Disease can be caused by external factors or internal factors

Question 39

thought of as pathogens that attack the body from the outside.

Answer 39

External factors

Question 40

are often from stress and emotional “problems” that can damage individual organ systems, and from organ impairment which leads to lack of functioning.

Answer 40

Internal factors

Question 41

__________ can be caused by diet, drugs, alcohol, medication, overwork, emotional factors or external pathogens that penetrate into the interior and begin to damage organ systems

Answer 41

Organ impairment

Question 42

empty heat is yin or yang deficient?

Answer 42

yin deficient

Question 43

full heat is

Answer 43

yang excess

Question 44

full-cold

Answer 44

yin excess

Question 45

empty-cold

Answer 45

yang deficient

Question 46

The eight principles of pattern differentiation

Answer 46

is it exterior or interior? heat or cold? excess or deficient? yin or yang? helps us hone in on a specific diagnosis

Question 47

the skin, muscles and channels are

Answer 47

exterior could say the space between the

Question 48

simultaneous fever and chills (heat effusion or aversion to cold/wind), stiff neck, body ache, joint pain, headache and floating pulse would be internal or external?

Answer 48

external pattern

Question 49

the result of either an invasion of yang (excess) or an insufficiency of yin (deficient)

Answer 49

heat patterns

Question 50

red: red face, red eyes, red joints, reddish urine (dark), red tongue body

Answer 50

heat pattern

Question 51

yellow: yellow phlegm, yellow discharge, yellow tongue coating

Answer 51

heat pattern

Question 52

fever, sensation of heat, desire for cold drinks

Question 53

irritability, restlessness, rapid head

Answer 53

heat patterns

Question 54

invasion of a yin evil (excess) or an insufficiency of yang qi (deficient)

Answer 54

cold patterns

Question 55

pale face, blue lips, clear urine, pale tongue

Answer 55

cold patterns - not enough heat to warm

Question 56

white: white phlegm, white discharge, white tongue coating - thin and copious

Answer 56

cold patterns

Question 57

copious urination, watery diarrhea

Answer 57

cold patterns

Question 58

replete or full

Answer 58

excess

Question 59

vacuous or empty

Answer 59

deficiency

Question 60

pain worse with pressure

Answer 60

excess pattern - there is already too much of something

Question 61

pain better with pressure

Answer 61

deficiency pattern

Question 62

chronic conditions

Answer 62

deficiency

Question 63

exterior, heat and excess

Answer 63

yang

Question 64

interior, cold and deficient

Answer 64

yin