8 questions Flashcards
(26 cards)
Why was the Canadian Pacific Railway important to the Canadian government?
It helped to unify Canada. The British considered it a colonial contribution to imperial military and naval strength.
How did the CPR affect First Nations people living in the West?
Land was taken away from them and they could not move easily across the land to hunt and fish in order to feed themselves.
Compare the British East India Company to the Hudson’s Bay Company. What similarities existed between the two?
They both started as an association of traders. They became politically powerful and exercised control over lands and peoples largely unknown to the British.
Who confronted British colonization in India at the turn of the 20th century? What were his feelings about British culture in India?
Mahatma Ghandi. He believed the imposition of British culture on Indian citizens was unjust
Describe the two arguments about addressing the effects of Imperialist policies on the First Nations people.
(1) Today’s society cannot be held responsible for the actions of its ancestors. (2) Society must address the consequences of past imperialism policies and practices in order to resolve them.
When did the modern era of Aboriginal land claim negotiations begin?
- The Nisga’a First Nation in British Columbia. The Supreme Court ruled that the Nisga’a had a pre-existing title to the land based on their long-time occupation, possession and use of it.
when did it begin? What province and First Nation were involved? What did the Supreme Court of Canada rule?
- The Nisga’a First Nation in British Columbia. The Supreme Court ruled that the Nisga’a had a pre-existing title to the land based on their long-time occupation, possession and use of it.
How did the Constitution Act deal with existing Aboriginal treaty rights?
it affirmed them
What was the significance of the Nisga’a Final Agreement in 2000?
first time in Canadian history that both the claim settlement and self-government arrangements were negotiated at the same time and given constitutional protection in a treaty.
What is Apartheid? Where and when did it exist?
It was a policy of the government of South Africa that denied rights to non-White citizens of that
country from 1948 to 1990. It had the effect of marginalizing the non-White citizens of South
Africa.
What did Parliament do to deal with the First Nations people?
Passed laws to (1) replace traditional Aboriginal governments with band councils that had little real power (2) take control of resources located on reserves and reserve finances (3) forcibly replace Aboriginal concepts of marriage and parenting with European ones.
What was John A. MacDonald’s plan for the First Nations under Confederation?
He said his government would “do away with the tribal system and assimilate the Indian people
in all respects with the inhabitants of the Dominion.”
What did the British do with treaties as the European population and economic activity increased in North America?
They ignored the treaties or replaced them with policies and practices that were more paternalistic.
Describe an example of a misunderstanding between the colonial governments and the First Nations that caused the loss of trust and good faith.
The British expected the First Nations peoples to give up land for colonial settlement and defend it from attack. The First Nations peoples had no concept of giving up their land, as they believed the land should be shared
What was the largest cause of treaties being misunderstood?
Language barrier
Between 1701 and 1923, how did the First Nations and colonial governments come to agreements? How did the First Nations view these? How did the colonial governments view these?
They established treaties. The First Nations saw the treaties as sacred agreements between two
nations. The colonial governments saw them as recognizing the nationhood of First Nations
peoples and acknowledging their equality as nations.
What can you deduce from the map on page 164 about the geography of North America and the expansion of the Hudson’s Bay Company?
The territory expanded upon by the HBC followed the river routes of North America.
In addition to the fur trade, what other rivalry existed in North America between Britain and France? What side did the British support, and what side did the French support?
There was a religious rivalry. The British were Protestant and the French were Roman Catholic.
Explain how the fur trade affected the First Nations in North America. Use the example given in the textbook to support your answer.
There was a rivalry between the Hudson’s Bay Company and the Northwest Company. The First Nations people were drawn into the rivalry, which increased conflict between them. For
example, Haudenosaunee nations aligned with the British and would attack Wendat traders who were bringing furs to the French in Quebec.
What two companies were formed in North America to help Britain and France control the fur trade?
The Hudson’s Bay Company (formed in the late 1600s) and the Northwest Company (formed in
1783).
Why were these colonies created?
To promote settlement, economic development and military security for the citizens of Britain
and France.
Where in North America did Britain establish its first colonies?
Along the eastern coast
When was France’s first colony established? What was it called?
In 1663. It was called New France.
Why were imperialist policies pursued by the European governments?
To expand their economic opportunities.
