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EMT IUP > EMT Exam #3 > Flashcards

EMT Exam #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which splints are best for closed, mid shaft femur fractures?

A

Hare traction

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2
Q

What is the best way to manage unstable airways due to chest injury, including the management of flail segments?

A

Ventilation

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3
Q

How will a patient present when they have a pneumothorax?

A

Difficulty breathing

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4
Q

What breath sounds would you expect to hear on a patient suffering a pneumothorax?

A

Diminished, absent or abnormal breath sounds

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5
Q

How will a patient present when they have a hemothorax?

A

Suffering from shock w/o any obvious signs of bleeding

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6
Q

What breath sounds would you expect to hear on a patient suffering a hemothorax?

A

Decreased breath sounds on affected side

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7
Q

Name wound:
Loss or damage of the superficial layer of the skin, caused by friction when a body part rubs or scrapes across a rough or hard surface.

A

Abrasion

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8
Q

Name wound:

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap

A

Avulsion

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9
Q

Name wound:

The displacement of organs outside the body

A

Evisceration

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10
Q

Name wound:

A deep, jagged cut in the skin

A

Laceration

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11
Q

How would you treat a laceration or abrasion?

A

Control bleeding w/ direct pressure

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12
Q

What is the treatment for an avulsion?

A

Replace flap in original position and cover

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13
Q

What should you do if an avulsion flap is separated from body?

A

Wrap tissue in sterile gauze and take w/ patient

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14
Q

What is the treatment for an evisceration injury?

A

Do not move organs, place moist dressing and cover w/ occlusive

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15
Q

When should you remove an impaled object?

A

When it interferes w/ breathing or CPR

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16
Q

A(n) ________________ is a penetrating trauma with air sucking sound at wound site over lung

A

Sucking chest wound

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17
Q

What should you remember to check on a patient who is suffering from a sucking chest wound?

A

Patient’s back

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18
Q

Which two injuries should you especially use occlusive dressings on?

A

Sucking chest wounds and wounds to neck

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19
Q

Name type of shock:
Resulting from lack of blood volume. Circulating blood volume is inadequate to deliver sufficient oxygen and nutrients to the body.

A

Hypovolemic/Hemorrhagic

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20
Q

Name type of shock:
Associated with impaired heart function; compromised heart function prevents wastes and nutrients from moving around the body effectively.

A

Cardiogenic

21
Q

Name type of shock:

Resulting when the respiratory fails, due to illness or obstruction, and the body is deprived of oxygen.

A

Respiratory

22
Q

Name type of shock:

Resulting from severe allergic reaction.

A

Anaphylactic

23
Q

Name type of shock:
Resulting from injury to the nervous system; for example, spinal cord injury may result in dilation of vessels below the level of the injury.

A

Neurogenic

24
Q

Name type of shock:
Resulting from severe infection; blood vessels dilate and decreased blood pressure results; leads to dysfunction in multiple organ systems and death.

A

Septic

25
Q

Name type of shock:

Resulting from blocked blood flow back to or through the heart.

A

Obstructive

26
Q

Name type of shock:
Abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest blood vessels results in inadequate supply of blood to the body’s tissues and organs.

A

Distributive

27
Q

Name type of shock:

Causes fainting, probably by initiating dilation of the blood vessels that perfuse the muscles.

A

Psychogenic

28
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of shock?

A 
Low BP (late sign)
Clammy
Rapid pulse/breathing
Changes in mental status
Pale skin
LOC
29
Q

What happens to someone’s BP later in shock?

A

Falls due to decompensated shock

30
Q

What are the signs of internal bleeding?

A

Abdominal rigidity
Discoloration
Pain or tenderness

31
Q

What are the two techniques to control bleeding?

A

Direct pressure

Tourniquet

32
Q

What are the signs of ICP?

A

Increasing BP
Slower pulse
Deep/irregular respirations

33
Q

When is ICP usually seen?

A

In closed head injuries

34
Q

How should you position a trauma patient who is pregnant?

A

On left side or elevate right side

35
Q

What should you do to a pregnant female in cardiac arrest?

A

Resuscitate and transport, save unborn child

36
Q

Name burn:

Burns that affect only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through

A

Superficial (first-degree)

37
Q

Name burn:
Burns that affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and skin that is white to red, moist and mottled

A

Partial-thickness (second-degree)

38
Q

Name burn:
Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layers, muscle, bone and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark, brown or charred

A

Full-thickness (third-degree)

39
Q

What type of dressings should be used on most burns?

A

Dry except for minor superficial

40
Q

Describe the rule of 9’s in infants

A 
Head and back: 18
Torso: 18
Genitals: 1
Legs: 13.5 each
Arms: 9 each
41
Q

Describe the rule of 9’s in children

A 
Head: 12
Back and torso: 18
Genitals: 1
Legs: 16.5 each
Arms: 9 each
42
Q

Describe rule of 9’s in adults

A

Head and each arm: 9
Back, torso, and each leg: 18
Genitals: 1

43
Q

What can result after compartment syndrome or a prolonged crushing injury to the body?

A

Toxins in blood return to bloodstream

44
Q

____________________ trauma is an injury caused by objects, such as knives and bullets, that pierce the surface of the body and damage internal tissues and organs

A

Penetrating

45
Q

___________________ trauma is an impact on the body by objects that cause injury without penetrating soft tissues or internal organs and cavities

A

Blunt

46
Q

What is the response of a patient who is suffering from a brain stem injury?

A

High BP and slow pulse

47
Q

What might happen when ICP results from a brain stem injury?

A

Brain begins to push down through foramen magnum

48
Q

What do all unconscious patients get?

A

Oral airway, if gag pull it

EMT IUP (7 decks)

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