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Boards I - Path > Disease Of Organ Systems GENITOURINARY - 34% > Flashcards

Disease Of Organ Systems GENITOURINARY - 34% Flashcards

1
Q

Syphilis? cause?

A

Spirochete infection Treponema pallidum

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2
Q

What is the primary stage of syphilis

A

Painless hard genital ulcer-chancre that disappears spontaneously

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3
Q

What is the secondary stage of syphilis?

A

Generalized maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy and condylomata Alta (flat-topped genital warts)

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4
Q

What is the latent stage of syphilis?

A

Asymptomatic

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5
Q

What is the tertiary stage of syphilis

A 
thoracic aortic aneurysm
Argyll-Robertson pupil 
Gummas 
Charcot’s joint 
General Paralysis of the Insane
Tabes dorsalis
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6
Q

Gummas

A

Chronic granulomas our lesions in the bone and soft tissue

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7
Q

Argyll-Robertson pupil

A

easily accommodates, slow to react to light)

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8
Q

Charcot’s joint

A

Grossly destroyed joint due to loss of pain

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9
Q

Gabe’s dorsalis

A

Dorsal column disease

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10
Q

Chancroid? Cause?

A

Hemophilus ducreyi
Bacterial infection
Painful soft yellow genital ulcers (ducreyi makes you cry)
Painful swollen inguinal nodes

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11
Q

Granulomas inguinale? Cause?

A

Klebsiella (formally Calymmatobacterium) granulomatis

Bacterial infection
Painless beef red genital lockers

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12
Q

Herpes genitalis

A

HHV type 2 infection

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13
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum

A 
Chlamydia trachomatis Type L1-3
Bacterial infection
Transient genital ulcer
Bulbous 
Sign of the groove in the inguinal region
Rectal stricture
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14
Q

Buboes

A

Swollen painful lymph nodes

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15
Q

Urethritis

A

Inflammation the urethra

Caused by chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhea infection

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16
Q

Chlamydia urethritis

A

Chlamydia trachomatis
Most common cause of urethral discharge
Dysuria

17
Q

What is the most common cause of urethral discharge in the USA?

A

Chlamydia urethritis

18
Q

Gonococcal urethritis? What might is cause

A

Neisseria gonorrhea
Second most common cause of urethral discharge in the US
- purulent penile discharge, dysuria and infection of Bartholin’s gland in females
- may cause ophthalmia neonatorum
- may also cause septic arthritis

19
Q

What is the second most common cause of urethral discharge in the USA

A

Gonoccoccal urethritis (neisseria gonorrhea)

20
Q

Vulvovaginitis

A

Candida albicans infection, opportunistic infection seen more commonly in females

  • thick cheesy vaginal discharge wth itching
  • recent antibiotics and diabetes mellitus
21
Q

Condylomata accuminata

A

HPV infection
Most common STD in the USA
Affects more women than men
Type 16 and 18 are associated with cervical cancer
Cauliflower-type warts (compared to the flat-topped warts seen in secondary syphilis)

22
Q

What is the difference between condyloma accuminata and condylomata lata

A

C.A = a valvular infection due to HPV which presents as a cauliflower-type wart

C.L = in the second stage of syphilis due to treponema pallidum which presents as a flat topped genital wart

23
Q

Bacterial vaginosis caused by? Sx? Dx?

A

Gardnerella species

  • fishy smelling watery vaginal discharge
  • clue cells +++ (vaginal epithelial cells studded by numerous bacteria)
  • Whiff test - amines are released when the slide is flooded with KOH
24
Q

Trichomoniasis caused by? Sx? Dx?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

  • motile protozoan infection
  • malodorous green frothy discharge
  • motile flagellates seen on wet mount preparation
25
Q

Cervical carcinoma cause? Sx?

A

squamous cell cancer

  • HPV type 16 and 18
  • post-coital bleeding (bleeding after sex)
26
Q

Cervicitis cause? Sx?

A

Chlamydia (most common) or gonococcal infection

  • pus from external os
  • may be part of pelvic inflammatory disease
27
Q

PID? Causes? Sx?

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

  • chlamydia, gonorrhea, E. Coli
  • infection of the cervix, uterus, uterine tube and pelvic connective tissue
  • lower abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pain on cervical movement
28
Q

Salpingitis

A

Inflamed tube seen in PID

  • may results in an abscess formation
  • may heal with fibrosis and partial obstruction of the tube
  • leading to an ectopic pregnancy or infertility
29
Q

TORCHeS infections

A

Infection caused by microbes which pass from mother to the fetus

Toxoplasmosis
OtHers including HIV ad Hepatitis B
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus 
Herpes simplex type II
Syphilis
30
Q

All of the TORCHeS can be transmitted across the placenta except

A

Herpes simplex Type II which is transmitted to the baby as it passes through the birth canal of a mother infected with the virus during labor

Boards I - Path (5 decks)

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