3.3 StudyTime Keywords

Question 1

Tropism

Answer 1

Plant movement by growth.

Direction of response depends on direction of stimulus.

Question 2

Phototropism

Answer 2

Tropic movement in response to light

Question 3

Gravitropism/Geotropism

Answer 3

Tropic movement in response to gravity

Question 4

Chemotropism

Answer 4

Tropic movement in response to a chemical

Question 5

Thigmotropism

Answer 5

Tropic movement in response to contact (eg climbing vine)

Question 6

Hydrotropism

Answer 6

Tropism movement in response to water

Question 7

Taxes

Answer 7

The movement of an animal towards or away from stimulus from one direction

Question 8

Positive chemotaxis

Answer 8

Movement of male moth towards female moth

Question 9

Homing

Answer 9

The ability to find and return to the home site

Question 10

Migration

Answer 10

The mass of organisms between two habitats (seasonal or regular)

Question 11

Nastic Response

Answer 11

Response to diffuse stimuli that do not come from any particular direction

Question 12

Thigmonasty

Answer 12

Sudden closing of mimosa leaves when touched

Question 13

Kinesis

Answer 13

Animals only: a non-directional response to a stimulus

Question 14

Orthokinesis

Answer 14

The speed of the movement is related to intensity of stimulus

Question 15

Klinokinesis

Answer 15

The amount of random turning is related to the intensity of stimulus

Question 16

Biological clock

Answer 16

An internal timing system which controls (to some extent) timing of activities in organisms.

Question 17

Zeitgeber

Answer 17

External environmental cue by which an internal clock is reset

Question 18

Circadian

Answer 18

Daily activity, approximately 24 hours

Question 19

Circatidal

Answer 19

Tidal activity period, approximately 12.4 hours

Question 20

Circalunar

Answer 20

Monthly activity period, 29 days

Question 21

Circannual

Answer 21

Yearly activity period, approximately 360 days

Question 22

Diurnal

Answer 22

Active during the day, inactive at night

Question 23

Nocturnal

Answer 23

Active at night, inactive during the day

Question 24

Crepuscular

Answer 24

Active at dawn and dusk

Question 25

Arrhythmic

Answer 25

No regular pattern found in organisms in unchanging habitats eg caves

Question 26

Intraspecific

Answer 26

Competition between members of the same species

Question 27

Interspecififc

Answer 27

Competition between members of different species

Question 28

Home Range

Answer 28

A set area which animals seldom leave

Question 29

Territory

Answer 29

Area that is defended by an animal

Question 30

Pecking order

Answer 30

A social “pecking” order led bu Alpha individual

Question 31

Courtship

Answer 31

Series of signals exchanged between make and female and ending in mating

Question 32

k-Strategist

Answer 32

Organisms who produce and care for a small number of offspring

Question 33

Pair Bond

Answer 33

A stable relationship between animals of opposite sex that ensures mating

Question 34

Parental Care

Answer 34

Investment of resources by parents in the survival of offspring

Question 35

Pheromone

Answer 35

Chemical used as a signal to other members of same species

Question 36

Mimicry

Answer 36

Adaptive resemblance between unrelated species

Question 37

Batesian mimicry

Answer 37

Resemblance of a harmless species to one that is poisonous

Question 38

Mullerian mimicry

Answer 38

mimicry between unpalatable species

Question 39

Instinct

Answer 39

Complex behaviour that is not modified by experience

Question 40

Camouflage (crypsis)

Answer 40

Concealment method in which an animal is coloured to match environment

Question 41

Photoperiodism

Answer 41

Regulation of activity by day length

Question 42

Phytochrome

Answer 42

Plant protein involved with the measurement of photoperiod

Question 43

r-Strategist

Answer 43

Organism which produces large numbers of offspring but gives them little care

Question 44

Long Day Plant

Answer 44

Plant that flowers when day length exceeds a certain minimum value

Question 45

Short Day Plant

Answer 45

Plants that flower when day length is less than a certain minimum value

Question 46

Entrainment

Answer 46

Process by which an internal clock becomes reset by rhythmic environmental factors

Question 47

Free-running

Answer 47

Behaviour rhythm proceeding independently of external changes

Question 48

Exogenous

Answer 48

Behaviour driven by external stimuli

Question 49

Endogenous

Answer 49

Behaviour driven by internal stimuli

Question 50

Day-Neutral Plant

Answer 50

Plant that flowers independently of day length

Question 51

Critical Day Length

Answer 51

Photoperiod above which long day plants flower

&& below which short day plants flower

Question 52

Vernalisation

Answer 52

Induction of flowering by a period of chilling

Question 53

Precocial young

Answer 53

Young born in an advanced state, with eyes open

Question 54

IAA (INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID)

Answer 54

Chemical name for auxin

Question 55

Auxin

Answer 55

Growth hormone which plays an essential role in tropisms

Question 56

Meristem

Answer 56

Continuous growth area in plants (apical bud; root tip)

Question 57

Gibberellin

Answer 57

Plant growth substance that promotes elongation of shoots

Question 58

Klinostat

Answer 58

Wheel to which germinating plants can be attached and rotated

Question 59

Lek

Answer 59

Area in which males (usually birds) congregate to mate with females

Question 60

Learning

Answer 60

Behaviour that is modified by learning experience

Question 61

Navigation

Answer 61

Determining one’s position relative to other locations

Question 62

Solar navigation

Answer 62

Using the sun to navigate

Question 63

Stellar navigation

Answer 63

Using the stars to navigate