3.3 Navigation Flashcards
1
Q
What is Homing?
A
The ability of an animal to return to its home location after travelling away from it
2
Q
Three reasons for travel:
A
- Find food or other resources
- Meet and mate at a breeding site
- Return to a well resourced location
3
Q
Why does returning to breed at the same location prove an adaptive advantage?
A
Offspring are already well adapted to the environment due to ancestors surviving the selective pressures and natural selection
4
Q
Six key methods of navigation:
A
- Solar navigation
- Stellar navigation
- Magnetic field
- Topographical memory
- Smells and sounds
- Internal compass, clock and map
5
Q
What is migration?
A
The regular mass movement of organisms of the same species, usually on a seasonal basis to a predetermined location cyclically.
6
Q
Three external migratory cues:
A
- Photoperiod (long days in summer, short in winter)
- Shifting season (temperature and weather changes)
- Food and water availability (weather extremes and population pressures)
7
Q
Three internal migratory cues:
A
- Circadian Rhythms (internal clock; innate sense to migrate)
- Fat Reserves (move to find food when low)
- Sexual maturity (hormones trigger innate desire to find mate)
