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HUMB1000 > Compendium 1 Questions > Flashcards

Compendium 1 Questions Flashcards

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1
Q

List the 3 main cavities of the trunk

A

1- Thoracic
2- Abdominal
3- Pelvic

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2
Q

What structure separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity?

A

Diaphragm

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3
Q

The left and right sides of the thoracic cavity are separated by an area in the middle - what is this called?

A

Mediastinum

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4
Q

What does the mediastinum contain?

A 
Heart
Thymus
Esophagus 
Trachea
Blood vessels + nerves
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5
Q

What structures enclose the abdominal cavity?

A

Enclosed anteriorly by the abdominal muscles: stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, spleen and kidneys

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6
Q

What structures enclose the pelvic cavity?

A

Enclosed by pelvic bones

Contains: urinary bladder, parts of large intestine, internal reproductive organs

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7
Q

What quadrant does the appendix lie?

A

Right lower quadrant

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8
Q

Which quadrant is the spleen located?:

A

Left upper quadrant

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9
Q

Which quadrant is the urinary bladder located?

A

Left and lower quadrants

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10
Q

Which region is the liver found

A

Right hypochondriac and epigastric

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11
Q

Which region is the urinary bladder found?

A

Hypogastric region

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12
Q

Which region is the large intestine found?

A

Left iliac region

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13
Q

What conditions would cause organs to move within the abdominalpelvic cavity?

A

Pregnancy
Central abdominal obesity
Abdominal tumor growth

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14
Q

A man is stabbed with a knife in the epigastric region which organs may be damaged?

A

Liver, stomach, pancreas, major blood vessels

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15
Q

Describe the parts formed by frontal/coronal plane

A

Vertical plane

Separates body into anterior and posterior portions

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16
Q

Describe the parts formed by horizontal plane

A

Separates body into superior and inferior

Runs parallel to the ground

17
Q

Describe the parts formed by Sagittal plane + mid-sagittal

A

Vertical plane
Separates body into left and right segments
mid-sagittal divides equally
sagittal divides unequally

18
Q

Define anatomy

A

scientific discipline investigating structure of body parts and how they relate to each other

19
Q

Define physiology

A

study of the function of living things

20
Q

What are the different levels of anatomy?

A

1- Gross anatomy: structures studied without a microscope
a) systemic: system by system
b) regional: region by region
2- Surface: study of external form of the body and its relation to deeper structures
3- Microscopic: structures examined with a microscope
4- Developmental: structural changes throughout lifespan

21
Q

What are the levels of physiology

A

1- molecular
2- cellular
3- systemic
4- neurophysiology

22
Q

Describe the 6 levels of organisation in the body

A

1- Chemical: atoms -> molecules
2- Cellular: molecules -> organelles
3- Tissue: numerous cells -> tissue
4- Organ: tissues -> organ
5- Organ system: multiple organs with similar function -> organ system
6- Organisms: multiple organ systems -> organism

23
Q

List the 6 characteristics of organisms

A 
1- organisation 
2- metabolism 
3- responsiveness
4- growth 
5- development
6- reproduction
24
Q

Define homeostasis

A

Maintenance of relatively constant internal environment despite the fluctuations in the external environment

25
Q

List characteristics of anatomical position

A

Erect person:

  • face directed forward
  • arms hanging by the sides
  • palms facing forward
    supine: person lying up
    prone: person lying face down
26
Q

List the directional terms to identify body parts

A

1- superior: towards the head
2- inferior: towards the tail
3- anterior: toward the front
4- posterior: toward the back
5- proximal: nearest from point of attachment
6- distal: distant from point of attachment
7- medial: toward mid-line of the body
8- lateral: away from the mid-line of the body
9- superficial: close to surface of..
10- deep: towards interior of..

27
Q

Describe the parts formed by the transverse plane

A

divides body into superior and inferior

28
Q

What are the regions used to identify the location of organs? (right to left)

A 
1- right hypochondriac 
2- epigastric 
3- left hypochondriac 
4- right lumbar
5- umbilical 
6- left lumbar 
7- right iliac 
8- hypogastric 
8- left iliac
29
Q

Describe the properties of serous membranes

A
  • serosa
  • lines cavities and covers organs
  • serous fluid produced by the membrane fills the cavity between the two layers
  • serous fluid acts as a lubricant between organ and body wall
30
Q

Describe the location and function of serous membranes

A 
1- heart: pericardium 
2- lungs and thoracic cavity: pleura 
3- abdominopelvic cavity: peritoneum 
2 layers: 
a) parietal - lines cavity
b) visceral - lines organs

HUMB1000 (13 decks)

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