8.1 Function of the Intestines Flashcards Preview

Gastrointestinal System > 8.1 Function of the Intestines > Flashcards

Flashcards in 8.1 Function of the Intestines Deck (10)
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1
Q

Where is digestion completed?

A

Enzymes on the brush border that break down carbs and proteins

2
Q

What transporters are on the apical membrane of gut epithelia?

A

SGLT1 - Co transports galactose/glucose and sodium

GLUT5 - fructose channel

3
Q

What transporters are on the basolateral membrane of gut epithelia?

A

NaKATPase

GLUT2 - cotransports glucose and fructose

4
Q

In the duodenum what activates the protease zymogens?

A

Trypsin

5
Q

What minerals are taken up in the intestines?

A

Calcium

Iron

6
Q

How is vitamin B12 absorbed?

A

Terminal ileum bound to intrinsic factor

7
Q

What factors cause motility in the small intestine?

A

Intestinal gradient - drives slow caudal progression
Segmentation - mixes contents
Peristalsis - moves contents

8
Q

What causes motility in the large intestine?

A

Segmentation (haustral shuttling) - mixes and allows remaining water absorbed
Mass movement - contents rapidly move from the transverse colon to the rectum

9
Q

How does defaecation occur?

A

Internal sphincter relaxes (parasympathetic)
External sphincter relaxes (somatic)
Intraabdominal pressure rises allowing the expulsion of faeces

10
Q

What is the property of chyme in the intestines?

A

Isotonic

Neutral