8.1 Geo Human systems and resource use

Question 1

Define the CBR (crude birth rate).

Answer 1

The number of births per thousand individuals in population per year.

Question 2

Define CDR (crude death rate).

Answer 2

The numbers of deaths per thousand individuals in a population per year.

Question 3

Define NIR (natural increase rate)

Answer 3

The rate of human population growth as expressed by percentage change per year.

Question 4

Define the TFR (total fertility rate)

Answer 4

the average number of children born per woman while in age of fertility

Question 5

Define DT. (doubling time)

Answer 5

The time It takes for a population to double in individuals.

Question 6

what pattern has human population growth followed over the last 2000 years?

Answer 6

exponential curve.

Question 7

why has the world population followed the pattern of an exponential curve?

Answer 7

because populations in the world have been following an accelerating rate of growth of which is proportional to the population size.

Question 8

as our population grows, what are the main stresses being put on the earths systems?

Answer 8

more people require more resources.
deforestation
fossil fuels
pesticides
desertification

more people produce more waste
carbondioxide
polluting of rivers

Question 9

what can be helpful and used to predict human population growth?

Answer 9

age-gender pyramids and the DTM.

Question 10

what patterns is commonly seen in DM and why?

Answer 10

the pattern of decline in mortality and fertility of a county as a result of social and economic development.

Question 11

what is illustrated in a DTM?

Answer 11

how a population transitions from a pre-industrial stage with high CBR and high CDR to a economically advanced stage with low or declining CBR and CDR.

Question 12

what are the six main influences on population dynamics that you would want to exams on in an exam?

Answer 12

culture, historical, religious, social, political and economic.

Question 13

why might culture have an effect on population dynamics?

Answer 13

In some cultures women are not expected to have jobs or careers, leading them to marriage after and making the age of baby marking younger than it would be in they had a job.
in agricultural culture more children as seen as more labour forces.

Question 14

why might historical factors influence population dynamics?

Answer 14

traditions of people having larger families incase of child mortality which was more common.

Question 15

what religus factors might be influencing population dynamics?

Answer 15

religion include family planning, most religions are pro-natalists.

Question 16

what is a social factor effecting population dynamics?

Answer 16

people have more children for security in old age.

Question 17

what is a political factor effecting population dynamics?

Answer 17

government might be pro-natalist or anti-natalist

Question 18

what is an economic factor effecting population dynamics?

Answer 18

no affordable or accessible contraception.

Question 19

what are some polices that decrease population growth rate?

Answer 19

pentions- reduce reliance on children for security in old age.

any policy that stimulates economic growth because it leads to more education which will lead to education on contraceptives.

urbanisation limits space for large families.

polices directed at educating and liberating women.

Chinas one child policy which eventually lead to them having issues with An aeging population

Question 20

what are some policies that increase population growth rate?

Answer 20

agricultural development polices- less death
sanitation and public heath accsessablity- less death
incuraged immigration, especially of workers into LEDCs.

Question 21

how does one calculate the CBR?

Answer 21

total number of births\total population X 1000

Question 22

how does one calculate DT?

Answer 22

it is 70% of the birthrate
or 70/NIR

Question 23

what are some demographic tools used for quantifying human population?

Answer 23

CBR CDR TFR DT NIR

Question 24

how do you calculate the CDR?

Answer 24

number of deaths/total population X 1000

Question 25

how does one calculate NIR?

Answer 25

You calculate it by bitrate- death rate divided by whole population and times by 100 (for a population)

Question 26

why is it that even today when NIR is rapidly declining, we have such an ever growing population?

Answer 26

because when the NIR was high back in the day, there were so many births that now there is a much larger base to multiply the percentage with.

Question 27

where will you find the highest CBR,CDR, NIR and TFR?

Answer 27

LICs, such as subsaharan Africa.

Question 28

where are you more likely to see a higher DT and life expectancy?

Answer 28

HIC such as the uk.

Question 29

what might differ between a demographic model on a national scale and one on an international scale?

Answer 29

National or regional change in population count migration whereas a global population change does not even consider migration.

Question 30

what was Malthus theory?

Answer 30

the size and growth of populations depends on the food supply and agrecultural methods.

Question 31

what was boserups theory?

Answer 31

the roof supply of reasroces and agricultural methods depends on the population size and growth.

Question 32

what are some solutions that poletitions and theorist have come to when dissucing limited world resources and increasing population?

Answer 32

to make pention age younger, less physical labour less food needed. encourage women to work- less children telling people to invest money in pensions rather than children for elderly security.