8.1 How Memory Functions

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time

Question 2

the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time

Answer 2

Memory

Question 3

Encoding

Answer 3

the input of information into the memory system

Question 4

the input of information into the memory system.

Answer 4

Encoding

Question 5

Automatic Processing

Answer 5

the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words

Question 6

the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words

Answer 6

Automatic Processing

Question 7

Effortful Processing

Answer 7

the encoding of information that takes effort and attention

Question 8

the encoding of information that takes effort and attention

Answer 8

Effortful Processing

Question 9

The Three Types of Encoding

Answer 9

Semantic Encoding, Visual Encoding, and Acoustic Encoding

Question 10

Semantic Encoding, Visual Encoding, and Acoustic Encoding

Answer 10

The Three Types of Encoding

Question 11

Semantic Encoding

Answer 11

the encoding of words and their meaning

Question 12

the encoding of words and their meaning

Answer 12

Semantic Encoding

Question 13

Visual Encoding

Answer 13

the encoding of images

Question 14

the encoding of images

Answer 14

Visual Encoding

Question 15

Acoustic Encoding

Answer 15

the encoding of sounds, words in particular

Question 16

the encoding of sounds, words in particular

Answer 16

Acoustic Encoding

Question 17

Self-Reference Effect

Answer 17

the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance

Question 18

the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance

Answer 18

Self-Reference Effect

Question 19

Storage

Answer 19

the creation of a permanent record of information

Question 20

the creation of a permanent record of information

Answer 20

Storage

Question 21

Sensory Memory

Answer 21

storage of very brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes

Question 22

storage of very brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes

Answer 22

Sensory Memory

Question 23

Short-Term Memory (STM)

Answer 23

a temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory

Question 24

a temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory

Answer 24

Short-Term Memory (STM)

Question 25

Rehearsal

Answer 25

moves information from short-term memory to long-term memory

Question 26

moves information from short-term memory to long-term memory

Answer 26

Rehearsal

Question 27

Long-Term Memory (LTM)

Answer 27

the continuous storage of information

Question 28

the continuous storage of information

Answer 28

Long-Term Memory (LTM)

Question 29

The Two Types of Long-Term Memory

Answer 29

Explicit Memories & Implicit Memories

Question 30

Explicit Memories & Implicit Memories

Answer 30

The Two Types of Long-Term Memory

Question 31

Explicit Memories

Answer 31

those we consciously try to remember, recall, and report

Question 32

those we consciously try to remember, recall, and report

Answer 32

Explicit Memories

Question 33

Implicit Memories

Answer 33

are long-term memories that are not part of our consciousness

Question 34

are long-term memories that are not part of our consciousness

Answer 34

Implicit Memories

Question 35

Semantic Memory

Answer 35

knowledge about words, concepts, language-based knowledge, and facts

Question 36

knowledge about words, concepts, language-based knowledge, and facts

Answer 36

Semantic Memory

Question 37

Implicit Procedural Memory

Answer 37

stores information about how to do something, and it is the memory for skilled actions, such as brushing your teeth

Question 38

stores information about how to do something, and it is the memory for skilled actions, such as brushing your teeth

Answer 38

Implicit Procedural Memory

Question 39

Long-Term Memory (LTM) Reference

Answer 39

Question 40

Retrieval

Answer 40

the act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness

Question 41

the act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness

Answer 41

Retrieval

Question 42

The Three Types of Retrieval

Answer 42

Recall, Recognition, and Relearning

Question 43

Recall, Recognition, and Relearning

Answer 43

The Three Types of Retrieval

Question 44

Recall

Answer 44

accessing information without cues

Question 45

accessing information without cues

Answer 45

Recall

Question 46

Recognition

Answer 46

when you identify information that you have previously learned after encountering it again

Question 47

when you identify information that you have previously learned after encountering it again

Answer 47

Recognition

Question 48

Relearning

Answer 48

learning information that was previously learned

Question 49

learning information that was previously learned

Answer 49

Relearning