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ABSN > Peds 1 > Flashcards

Peds 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which 3 levels of nursing education gives the nurse more responsibility for the care of the patient and their outcomes?

A

Masters Degree
Certified Nurse Specialist
Nurse Practitioner

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2
Q

Which 2 levels of nursing education give the nurse more research related responsibilities?

A

Doctor of nursing practice

PhD

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3
Q

Briefly describe the historical influences pediatric healthcare in nursing.

A

Flood of immigrants leads to crowded/unsanitary conditions.
Contaminated food, no immunizations and child labor.
Infectious diseases like TB, Typhoid, Smallpox and Scarlet fever were prevalent.

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4
Q

What is the leading cause of neonatal deaths?

A

prematurity

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5
Q

What is the leading cause of death for children aged 1-19?

A

unintentional injury

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6
Q

who is 3X more likely to fall victim to a medication error?

A

Children

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7
Q

What is the leading cause of death in children 30 months-1 year?

A

SIDS
congenital defects
prematurity

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8
Q

What are the 5 leading causes of infant death in the US?

A
  1. birth defects
  2. preterm/low birth weight
  3. SIDS
  4. maternal pregnancy complications
  5. injuries
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9
Q

Which type of infection is most common in childhood?

A

respiratory

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10
Q

What is the nurse’s role in preventing injury to children?

A

Educate the parents

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11
Q

Who gives informed consent for children under 18years old?

A

the parents - unless the child is emancipated

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12
Q

What condition dictates that the parent may NOT refuse consent?

A

if not giving the treatment can legally be seen as neglect/abuse

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13
Q

Who gives consent in the case of joint custody, divorced parents?

A

either parent, and only one is needed

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14
Q

Who gives consent int he case of sole custody?

A

the sole custody parent

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15
Q

What is it called when the parents are away and a grandparent/aunt/uncle has to make the medical decision?

A

proxy custody

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16
Q

What is assent?

A

a minor has the right to a weighted opinion, but not the right to give consent.

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17
Q

At what age does assent begin?

A

11 years

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18
Q

What is it called when a nurse must make decisions that benefit the patient?

A

beneficence

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19
Q

What word describes reducing the risk of harm by using interventions that promote benefits?

A

nonmaleficence

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20
Q

What word describes the right to self determination?

A

autonomy

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21
Q

Who describes the Id, Ego and Super Ego?

A

Freud

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22
Q

Describe the Id.

A

present at birth
not logical
impulsive and selfish

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23
Q

Describe the Ego.

A

Realistic
develops to help the Id
develops defense mechanisms

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24
Q

Describe the Super Ego.

A

Morals and ethics

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25
Q

What is assimilation?

A

incorporating new experiences

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26
Q

What is accommodation?

A

making changes to deal with new experiences

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27
Q

When does separation anxiety peak?

A

6-18 months

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28
Q

Which age group associates pain with punishment?

A

toddlers

29
Q

Which age group is the most at risk for stressors?

A

toddlers

30
Q

What are the 3 stages of separation anxiety?

A

Protest
Despair
Denial (Detachment)

31
Q

What does the protest phase of separation anxiety look like?

A

screaming/crying
clinging to parents
resists attempts at comfort from other adults.

32
Q

What does the despair phase of separation anxiety look like?

A

quiet and appeared to be settled in
withdrawn and compliant
crying when parents return

33
Q

What does the denial/detachment phase of separation anxiety look like?

A

lack of protest when parents leave
happy and content with everyone
shows interest in surroundings

34
Q

Which age group can’t separate reality from fantasy?

A

preschoolers

35
Q

Which age group fears loss of privacy and control?

A

school aged and adolescents

36
Q

What play style do infants use?

A

solitary

37
Q

What play style do toddlers use?

A

parallel (near other children but not with)

38
Q

What play style do preschoolers use?

A

associative

39
Q

What play style do school aged children use?

A

cooperative

40
Q

developmental screening, immunizations and preventing injuries are examples of what?

A

health maintenance

41
Q

good nutrition, physical activity and oral hygiene are all examples of what?

A

health promotion

42
Q

At which age do infants use receptive speech more than expressive speech?

A

9-12 months

43
Q

At which age can a child identify parents with “mama”

A

9-12 months

44
Q

At which age are all parts of speech developed, but also used incorrectly?

A

3-6 years

45
Q

Which age group prefers black and white toys and mirrors?

A

0-3 months

46
Q

Which age group prefers noisemaking objects to play with?

A

3-6 months

47
Q

Which age group prefers teething toys?

A

6-9 months

48
Q

At what age do children refine their fine motor skills?

A

1-3 years

49
Q

At what age do children prefer to play with large blocks and surprise toys?

A

9-12 months

50
Q

When does the posterior fontanel close?

A

2-4 months

51
Q

When does the anterior fontanel close?

A

1-2 years

52
Q

When do children start to crawl?

A

8-10 months

53
Q

When can children support the weight of their head and roll over?

A

2-4 months

54
Q

List Freud’s Stages of Development and the age ranges.

A 
Oral: birth-1
Anal: 1-3
Phallic: 3-6
Latent: 6-12
Genital: 12 and older
55
Q

List Erikson’s Stages of Development and their age ranges.

A 
Trust vs. Mistrust: birth-1
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt: 1-3
Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-6
Industry vs. Inferiority: 6-12
Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-20
Intimacy vs. Isolation: 20-40
Generativity vs. Stagnation: 40-65
Integrity vs. Despair: 65 and older
56
Q

What are the nursing implications for Erikson’s Trust vs. Mistrust phase?

A

birth-1 year

responsive parents are critical

57
Q

What are the nursing implications for Erikson’s Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt phase?

A

1-3 years
give simple explanations directly before the procedure.
the greatest threat to this age group is SEPARATION from. parents

58
Q

What are the nursing implications for Erikson’s Initiative vs. Guilt?

A

3-6 years
they fear bodily mutilation (use bandaids)
allow child to touch equipment

59
Q

What are the nursing implications for Erikson’s Industry vs. Inferiority?

A

6-12 year (school)

they fear loss of control/privacy

60
Q

What are the nursing implications for Erikson’s Identity vs. Role Confusion?

A

12-18 (adolescents)
they are concerned with body image
teaching should focus on the here and now

61
Q

Describe Piaget’s 4 Stages of Development.

A

Sensorimotor: birth-2
Pre-operational: 2-7
Concrete Operations: 7-11
FormalOperations: 11 and up

62
Q

Which two characteristics, described by Piaget, are not formed during the pre-operational period?

A 
Object Permanence (sensorimotor)
Conservation (concrete)
63
Q

What is object permanence and when do children develop it?

A

understanding that something that is out of sight still exists
8-12 months

64
Q

What is Egocentrism?

A

seeing things only from one’s point of view

65
Q

What is Tranductive Reasoning?

A

connecting two events as a cause and effect relationship

66
Q

What is Centration?

A

focusing only on one aspect of a situation

67
Q

What is animism?

A

giving lifelike qualities to non-living things

68
Q

What is Magical thinking?

A

the belief that ones events occur because of one’s thoughts or actions

69
Q

What is Conservation?

A

knowing that matter is not changed when its form is altered

ABSN (18 decks)

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