Introduction (Sept 4)

Question 1

Epidemiology

Answer 1

study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events in populations, and the applications of this study to control health problems

Question 2

John Snow’s Cholera Hypothesis

Answer 2

Surveyed houses in London and observed that more people died of cholera in houses supplied by a company that got their water from a more polluted part of the Thames river

Question 3

Broad Street Pump

Answer 3

Rapid increase in fatal attacks and deaths. Pump handle removed- reduction in fatal attacks and deaths attributed to cholera within surveyed area

Question 4

Core lesson about preventing disease

Answer 4

We do not have to understand everything about the biology and pathogenesis of disease to prevent disease

Question 5

Objectives of epidemiology

Answer 5

Determine the extent of disease in community, natural history of the disease, identify risk factors, aid in developing public policy, evaluate methods of healthcare delivery

Question 6

Distribution

Answer 6

“describe” Who gets it? Patterns of disease within or between populations

Question 7

Determinants

Answer 7

“analytics” Why do they get it? Certain characteristics or behaviours that predispose us to or protect us from disease (can be genetic, environmental, or a combo)

Question 8

Exposure

Answer 8

Something we: do (exercise), are (ethnicity, sex), possess (gene), ingest (food, drug)

Question 9

Outcome

Answer 9

Something that happens to us: disease diagnosis (heart disease, osteoporosis), disease event (heart attack, fracture)

Question 10

Smoking is a ______ for lung cancer

Answer 10

Determinant- men who smoke are 23 times more likely to get lung cancer than never smokers

Question 11

Infertility in women is a _____ for ovarian cancer

Answer 11

Determinant- infertility in women is associated with a 36% higher risk of ovarian cancer

Question 12

BMI is a _____ for risk of renal cell carcinoma

Answer 12

Determinant- Risk of renal cell carcinoma in men increases 6% for every 1 unit increase in BMI

Question 13

Red meat consumption is ____ for diabetes

Answer 13

Determinant- Increasing red meat consumption by more than half a serving a day for four years is linked with a 48% higher risk of diabetes

Question 14

Determinant for Stimulant Drug use

Answer 14

college students tend to try stimulants for the first time in November, December, and April