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Computer science AS level > Chapter 13 Programming and Data Representation > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Programming and Data Representation Flashcards

1
Q

What is python?

A

Python is a multi-paradigm programming language

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2
Q

Key characteristics of python.

A

Keywords are written in lower case

Python is case sensitive meaning Number1 <> NUMBER1

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3
Q

What is VB.NET?

A

VB.NET is a multi paradigm, high-level programming language, implemented on the .NET Framework.

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4
Q

Key characteristics of VB.NET.

A

Every statement should be on a separate line. However, if necessary statements can be typed on the same line with a colon as a separator
Indentation is a good practice
Not case sensitive
Programs need to be compiled

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5
Q

What is Pascal?

A

Pascal is a multi-paradigm programming language

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6
Q

Key characteristics of Pascal.

A

Every statement must end in a semicolon (;)
Indentation is a good practice
Not case sensitive
Programs need to be compiled
Compound statements consists of a sequence of statements enclosed between the keywords begin and end

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7
Q

How to declare variables in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python does not have variable declaration
  • VB.NET Dim [, identifier] As
  • Pascal var [, identifier] : ;
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8
Q

How to declare and assign values to constants in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python =
  • VB.NET Const =
  • Pascal Const = ;
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9
Q

What is the difference between a variable and a constant?

A

A constants value should not be changed and a variables name can be changed if so desired.

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10
Q

How to assign values to a variable in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python =
  • VB.NET =
  • Pascal := ;
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11
Q

Which are the arithmetic operators are different in pseudocode, python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
Exponent: - Python: ^
                  - Integer division: **
                  - CB.NET: ^
                  - Pseudocode: Not available
Integer division: - Python: DIV
                  - Integer division: //
                  - CB.NET\
                  - Pseudocode: Div
Modulus: - Python: MOD
                  - Integer division: %
                  - CB.NET: Mod
                  - Pseudocode: Mod
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12
Q

What do the rules of precedence define?

A

The Rules of precedence define the order of the calculations to be performed

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13
Q

How to output information on the screen in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python print() (Moves to next list)
    print(, end = ‘ ‘) (To avioid moving onto the next line after the output)
  • VB.NET Console.WriteLine()
    Console.Write() (To avoid moving to the next line)
  • Pascal WriteLn()
    Write() (To avoid moving to the next line)
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14
Q

How to get an input from the user in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python A = input(‘Prompt: ‘)
  • VB.NET Console.Write(‘Prompt: ‘)
    A = Console.ReadLine ()
  • Pascal Write(‘Prompt: ‘)
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15
Q

How to add comments in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python # this is a comment
  • VB.NET // this is a comment
  • Pascal // this is a comment
    // this is another comment
    {this is a multi-line comment if more comments have to be written}
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16
Q

How are whole signed numbers assigned in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python int
  • VB.NET Integer
  • Pascal Integer
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17
Q

How are signed numbers with a decimal point assigned in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python Not available
  • VB.NET Char
  • Pascal Char
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18
Q

How are strings assigned in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python str
  • VB.NET String
  • Pascal String
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19
Q

How to write booleans in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python bool
  • VB.NET Boolean
  • Pascal Boolean
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20
Q

How are Monetary values assigned in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python Not available
  • VB.NET Decimal
  • Pascal Currency
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21
Q

How are date values assigned in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python Not available as a built-in data type
  • VB.NET Date
  • Pascal TDateTime
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22
Q

How to write equal in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python ==
  • VB.NET =
  • Pascal =
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23
Q

How to write not equal in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python !=
  • VB.NET <>
  • Pascal <>
24
Q

How to write greater than in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python >
  • VB.NET >
  • Pascal >
25
Q

How to write less than in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python <
  • VB.NET <
  • Pascal
26
Q

How to write greater than or equal to in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python >=
  • VB.NET >=
  • Pascal >=
27
Q

How to write less than or equal to in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python <=
  • VB.NET <=
  • Pascal <=
28
Q

How to write AND in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python and
  • VB.NET And
  • Pascal AND
29
Q

How to write OR in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python or
  • VB.NET Or
  • Pascal OR
30
Q

How to write NOT in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python not
  • VB.NET Not
  • Pascal NOT
31
Q

How to write an IF…THEN statement in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python if:
  • VB.NET If Then
              End If
  • Pascal if :
    then
32
Q

How to write an IF…THEN statement in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python if:
             else:
  • VB.NET If Then
              Else:

          End If
  • Pascal if:
    then
                 else:
33
Q

How to write an IF…THEN statement in python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python if:
              elif:

          else:
  • VB.NET If Then
              Elseif:

          Else:

          End If
  • Pascal if:
    then
                 else:
                    if 
                           then

                           else:
34
Q

How to write a CASE statement in VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • VB.NET Select Case
    Case value1
                Case value1, value2

            Case value4 TO value5

            .
            .
            .
            CaseElse
End Select
- Pascal case  of
                   value1:  
                   value1, value2  
                   value4..value5 
                  .
                  .
                  .
               else
           end;
35
Q

How to iterate in Python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python:
    for in range(s, e, i):
  • VB.NET:
    For = s To e Step i

Next
- Pascal:
for := s to e do
;

36
Q

How to write a Post-condition statement in Python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python: not available
  • VB.NET:
    Do
Loop Until 
- Pascal:
repeat
     ;
until ;
37
Q

How to write a Pre-condition statement in Python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python:
    while :
  • VB.NET:
    Do While

Loop
Do Until

Loop
- Pascal:
while do
;

38
Q

How to declare arrays in Python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python doesn't have arrays. The equivalent is called list and the data entered in a list doesn't have to be of the same data type because python's lists are dynamic. Example:
List1 = []
List1.append("Fred")
List1.append("#Jamie23")
-VB:NET: 
Dim () As 
- Pascal
var  : array[lowerBound..upperBound]
of ;
39
Q

How to access a 1D array in Python, VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
NList[24] = 0
- VB.NET:
NList[25] = 0
- Pascal:
NList[24] := 0
40
Q

How to create 2D arrays Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python ex.:
Board = [[0 for i in range (7)]
    for j in range(6)]
Board = [[0] * 7] * 6
- VB.NET:
Dim (, ) As 
- Pascal:
var  : array[1uBound1..uBound1, 1uBound2..uBound2] of ;
41
Q

How to access 2D arrays Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
Board[2][3] = 0
- VB.NET:
Board(3, 4) = 0
- Pascal:
Board[3, 4] := 0
42
Q

How to access a single character using position P in a string in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
ThisString [P]
(Counts from 0)
- VB.NET:
ThisString (P)
(Counts from 0)
- Pascal:
ThisString [P]
(Counts from 1)
43
Q

How to return the string character associated with the specified character code from a string in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
chr(i)
- VB.NET:
Chr(i)
- Pascal:
Chr(i)
44
Q

How to return an integer value representing the character code of the specified character in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
ord(ch)
- VB.NET:
Asc(ch)
- Pascal:
Ord(ch)
45
Q

How to return an integer that contains the number of characters in string s in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
len(S)
- VB.NET:
len(S)
- Pascal:
Len(S)
46
Q

How to return an integer that contains the number of characters in string S in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
len(S)
- VB.NET:
len(S)
- Pascal:
Len(S)
47
Q

How to return a substring of length L from the left of string S in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
S[0:L]
- VB.NET:
Left(S, L)
- Pascal:
LeftStr(S, L)
48
Q

How to return a substring of length L from the right of string S in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
S[-L:]
- VB.NET:
Right(S, L)
- Pascal:
RightStr(S, L)
49
Q

How to return a substring of length L from position P in string S in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
S[P : P + L]
- VB.NET:
mid(S, P, L)
- Pascal:
MidStr(S, P, L)
50
Q

How to join strings in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
s = S1 + S2
- VB.NET:
s = S1 + S2 
s = S1 &amp; S2
- Pascal:
S := Concat (S1, S2);
S := S1 + S2;
51
Q

How to round up or down numbers in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
round(x, ndigits)
- VB.NET:
Math.Round(x)
- Pascal:
Round(x)
52
Q

How to truncate numbers in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
int(x)
- VB.NET:
Math.Truncate(x)
- Pascal:
Trunc(x)
53
Q

What does truncate number x mean?

A

Truncate number x means that the whole number part of the real number x is returned except the decimal point

54
Q

How to convert a string to a number in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A 
- Python:
int(S)
- VB.NET:
CInt(S)
- Pascal:
StrToInt(S)
55
Q

How to output random numbers in Python, in VB.NET and Pascal?

A
  • Python:
    import random
value = random.randint(1, 6)
print (value)
- VB.NET:
Dim RandomNumber As New Random
Dim x As Integer
x = RandomNumber.Next(1, 6)
- Pascal:
RandomRange (1, 6)

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