Posterior Leg

Question 1

what makes up the groove for the flexor hallucis longus tendon?

Answer 1

Lateral and medial tubercle of the posterior process of the talus bone

more anteriorly will be the sustentaculum tali

Question 2

what does the anterior septum crural fascia seperate

Answer 2

Anterior and lateral compartments

Question 3

What does the posterior septum crural fascia seperate

Answer 3

Posterior superficial and lateral compartments

Question 4

what does the Interosseous membrane crual fascia seperate

Answer 4

Anterior and deep posterior compartment

Question 5

what does the transverse septum crural fascia seperate?

Answer 5

posterior deep and posterior superficial compartments

Question 6

What are the muscles of the deep posterior compartment

Answer 6

Poplpiteus M
flexor hallucis longus M
flexor digitorum longus M
Tibialis posterior M

Question 7

Whate are the muscles of the superficial posterior group?

Answer 7

gastrocnemius
soleus
-these two make up the triceps surae

plantaris M

Question 8

Gastrocnemius M

Answer 8

medial head: medial femoral condyle
lateral head: lateral aspect of the lateral femoral condyle

insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneous via the tendo calcaneus (achilles tendon)

Tibial Nerve

Posterior tibial Artery

Plantarflexion

Question 9

Soleus M

Answer 9

Soleal line of tibia and posterior head of fibula

inserts into the posterior surface of calcaneus via the tendo calcaneus (achilles tendon)

Tibial Nerve

Posterior tibial A

Plantar flexion

Question 10

Fabella

Answer 10

Lateral head of gastrocnemius may have a sesamoid bone

possibly provides leverage for lateral head of gastrocnemius

painful fabellar stress fracture may accompany total knee replacement

Question 11

Plantaris M

Answer 11

lateral end of lateral supracondylar line
to the posterior surface of calcaneus via calanceal tendon

weak plantarflextion and leg flexion
proposed to be a proprioceptive organ for foot position

Posterior tibial A

tibial N

Question 12

What muscle is commonly used in reconstructive surface?

Answer 12

plantaris tendon

Question 13

Popliteus M

Answer 13

lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus

to posterior tibia superior to soleal line

unlocks extended leg by lateral rotation of femur
also flexes leg weakly

tibial N

posterior tibial A

Question 14

Flexor Hallucis Longus M

Answer 14

attaches to inferior 2/3 of posterior fibula

inserts on base of distal phalanx of great toe

at the bottom of the foot it is deep to the flexor digitorum longus M

flexes great toe, plantarflex foot at ankle joint

tibial N

posterior tibial A

Question 15

Flexor digitorum Longus M

Answer 15

posterior tibial= (inferior to soleal Line)

attaches on the distal phalanx base of the lateral four digits

at the bottom of the foot it is superficial to the flexor hallucis Longus T

flexes lateral four digits
plantarflex the foot at the ankle joint

Tibial N

Posterior tibial A

Question 16

Tibialis Posterior M

Answer 16

interosseous membrane, posterior tibia, posteromedial fibia

attaches to, navicular tuberosity, cuneiforms and 2-4 metatarsal bones

functions: inversion, plantarflexion

Inn: Tibial N

Posterior tibial A

Question 17

Tom Dick A. N. Harry

Answer 17

Behind the medial maleollus lies the order from Anterior to posterior

Tibialis Posterior Tendon
Flexor Digitorum Longus tendon
Posterior Tibial Artery
Tibial Nerve
Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon

Question 18

What helps give rise to the arch of the foot

Answer 18

Dynamic support:
Tibialis posterior
Tibialis anterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Fibularis longus
intrinsic plantar muscles

as well as the Passive support:
plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
long plantar ligament
short plantar ligament
Plantar aponeurosis

Question 19

What nerve supplies all the posterior compartment

Answer 19

Tibial Nerve

important for inversion and plantar flexion

leaves posterior compartment deep to flexor retinaculum

ends by dividing into medial and lateral plantar nerves

Question 20

What artery gives blood supply to the posterior compartment

Answer 20

Posterior tibial artery

runs with tibial N

ends by dividing into medial and lateral plantar arteries

gives rise to the fibular artery

Question 21

FIbular artery

Answer 21

largest branch of posterior tibial artery

supplies the lateral compartment with perforating branches even though it is in the posterior compartment underneath the flexor hallucis longus muscle

Question 22

Where can you palpate the posterior tibial artery

Answer 22

Posterior surface of the medial malleolus
make sure patient relaxes retinaculum and they invert the foot

used to examine patients with occlusive peripherla arterial disease (intermittent claudication)