8.2

Question 1

Law of the excluded middle

Answer 1

the principle that for any given statement, either it or its negation is true

Question 2

Law of noncontradiction

Answer 2

the principle that contradictions are never true

Question 3

Rule of thumb 4 and 5

Answer 3

4. it is often useful to consider logically equivalent forms of the conclusion
5. Both conjunction and addition can lead to useful applications of De Morgan’s laws

Question 4

First five equivalence rules

Answer 4

Double negation
commutation
Association
De Morgan's laws
Contraposisiton