Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ALTERED PHYS mid1 > Inflammation > Flashcards

Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three lines of defense?

A

natural barriers, inflammation, adaptive/acquired immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two parts of the natural barriers?

A

physical/mechanical or biochemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the first immune response?

A

inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does humoral mean?

A

relies on vascular supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is clotting important?

A

stops bleeding, preventing inflammatory process from spreading to other parts of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What part of the body initiates the third line of defense?

A

lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In elderly, what happens to their neutrophils?

A

delayed arrival -> healing time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some macroscopic ways to identify inflammation?

A

heat, swelling, pain, redness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of inflammation is self-limiting and short?

A

acute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the hypothalamus initiate in accordance to inflammation?

A

fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why does chronic inflammation occur?

A

dense infiltration of lymphocytes/macrophages -> granuloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three parts of the plasma protein system?

A

complement, clotting, kinin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the two most important products of the complement system?

A

c3 and c5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the MAC (membrane attack complex) system do?

A

It inserts pores into the bacterial wall, allowing water and sodium to pass through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the five molecules involved in the clotting cascade?

A

factor 12, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which plasma system activates and assists inflammatory cells?

A

kinin system

17
Q

What molecule is made from kininogen to activate cell permeability and pain receptors?

A

bradykinin

18
Q

What are cytokines?

A

Secreted by immune cells to coordinate the inflammatory process

19
Q

What are the two ways mast cells help the immune response?

A

degranulation and synthesis of new mediatures

20
Q

What are mast cells most important for?

A

releasing histamine

21
Q

What is the main job of histamine?

A

increasing vascular permeability

22
Q

Which cells provide communication between immune systems?

A

dendritic cells

23
Q

What are the three types of leukocytes?

A

granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes

24
Q

What are the three types of lymphocytes?

A

NK cells, B cells, T cells

25
Q

What are the three types of cytokines?

A

interleukins, interferon, tumor necrosis factor-alpha

26
Q

Which cytokine mediates communication between WBCs?

A

interleukins

27
Q

Which cytokine is secreted by virally infected cells?

A

interferon

28
Q

What are the three types of phagocytes?

A

neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages

29
Q

Which comes first macrophages or neutrophils?

A

neutrophils

30
Q

What are the four steps of phagocytosis?

A

recognition and adherence, engulfment and formation of phagosome, lysosomes fuse with the phagosome, destruction and digestion

31
Q

What are the two ways wounds can heal?

A

resolution/regeneration or repair (scar tissue)

32
Q

What is scar tissue primarily made of?

A

collagen

33
Q

How long does inflammation usually occur?

A

up to 2 days

34
Q

Is scar tissue avascular or vascular?

A

avascular

35
Q

What initiates fever?

A

the release of endogenous pyrogens

36
Q

Which line of defense is humoral AND cellular?

A

third line (adaptive immunity?

37
Q

What are the three systemic manifestations of acute inflammation?

A

fever, leukocytosis, and increase plasma protein production

38
Q

What are two manifestations of excess collagen synthesis in scares?

A

hypertrophic scar or a keloid

39
Q

Does neutrophil divide?

A

no, only macrophages

ALTERED PHYS mid1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions