Term test Ch. 25 Flashcards
What consists of the endomembrane system
The endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane surrounding the cell
Endocytosis
Engulf molecules or particles using membrane system and cytoskeleton, prokaryotes can’t do this
Phagocytosis
Form of endocytosis where cell surrounds food particles and package them in vesicles that bud off from cell membrane
Exocytosis
The reverse of endocytosis where waste from the cell is being removed
Can eukaryotes exploit food sources
Yes eukaryotes can exploit food sources not available to bacterial heterotrophs
Heterotrophs
Organisms that cannot manufacture their own food by carbon fixation and therefore derives its intake of nutrition from other sources of organic carbon
What limits DNA replication speed in bacteria
The cell’s DNA being organized into a singular circular chromosome where replication only beings at one site
What is the relationship between chloroplasts and cyanobacteria
Chloroplasts are representative of endosymbiosis between archaea cell and ancient cyanobacteria
Symbiont
Organisms that live in closely evolved association with another species
Endosymbiosis
One partner lives within another
What happened to the chloroplast’s genome when it got incorporated into archaea cells
It got significantly reduced, possibly the chloroplast genes got incorporated into the nucleus of the cell
Hydrogenosomes
Highly altered mitochondria that work in an anaerobic environment
Mitosomes
Mitochondria that lost all capacity for metabolism
Can eukaryotes exist without mitochondria
Maybe but we have not found any so, for now, it is a no
Seven superkingdoms of eukaryotes
Opisthokonta Amoeboza Archaeplasita Stramenopila Alveolata Rhizaria Excavata
