Tissue organisation, topographical basis

Question 1

Definition of somatic

Answer 1

Whole body, describe elements that make up walls of trunk and limbs, bone, cartilage, skeletal muscle which are supplied by somatic nervous system

Question 2

Definition od visceral

Answer 2

All organs in trunk, head, neck. Supplied by visceral nervous system (ANS)

Question 3

Definition of skin

Answer 3

Covers outer body surface, internal structures separated by connective tissue into compartments

Question 4

Properties of skin

Answer 4

Covers outer body surface of body

Internal structures are separated by connective tissue into compartments

Question 5

Function of skin

Answer 5

Protection
Thermoregulation
Provides sensory information about surrounding environment
Vitamin D synthesis

Question 6

Layers of skin

Answer 6

Epidermis
Dermis
Superficial fascia

Question 7

Structure of epidermis

Answer 7

90% keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langherhans cells
Merkel cells

Question 8

Structure of dermis

Answer 8

Connective tissue
Macrophages
Adipocytes
Fibroblasts
Collagen
Elastic fibres
Blood vessels
Nerves
Glands
Hair follicles

Question 9

Structure of superficial fascia

Answer 9

Collagen
Fat cells
Elastic fibres

Question 10

Function of superficial fascia

Answer 10

Storage of water and fat
Protection against mechanical shock as fat and water acts as a cushion
Thermal insulation, fat and water acts as heat barrier
Conduction to transport nerves and blood vessels to skin

Question 11

Structure of deep fascia

Answer 11

Highly organized connective tissue layer

Very little fat, organized collagen fibers in parallel

Question 12

Function of deep fascia

Answer 12

Conduction
Movement of muscle
Attachment for some muscles
Capsules around organs and glands

Question 13

Conduction in deep fascia

Answer 13

Vessels, nerves transported via fascia in neuromuscular bundles

Question 14

Movement of muscles in deep fascia

Answer 14

Wrapped here, can slide over each other

Question 15

Attachment for some muscles in deep fascia

Answer 15

Temporalis, some limb muscles gain partial attachment here

Question 16

Capsules around organs and glands

Answer 16

Forms compartments

Question 17

Types of serous membranes

Answer 17

Pleura
Pericardium
Peritoneum

Question 18

Function of serous membranes

Answer 18

Line internal cavities
Consists of mesothelium
Supported by loose connective tissue

Question 19

Structure of serous membranes

Answer 19

Thin double layers, inner intimate with viscera, outer anchored to body wall
Small space in between filled with fluid, minimize friction

Question 20

Artery naming

Answer 20

Named arteries are elastic/musclar
Every time artery changed region it is in, name changes
When arteries are associated with muscles, can divide into 3 parts (before muscle, under muscle and after muscle)

Question 21

Properties of arteries of the upper limbs

Answer 21

Collateral arteries ensure continuous blood flow irrespective pf position of limb

Question 22

How does blood pressure change as blood flows through the circulatory system

Answer 22

Starts high in arteries
Falls rapidly in capillaries
Stays low in veins

Question 23

Vein naming

Answer 23

Same name as arteries generally
Deep veins surrounded by muscle so blood pushed up against gravity
Veins accompanied arteries contained within same deep fascia
So when artery expands, can push blood up vein

Question 24

Structure and function of lymphatic systemq

Answer 24

Too small to see
Not all tissue fluid reabsorbed by nexus side of capillaries, enter lymphatic system
Drains into subclavian veins and vena cava