Surgery

Question 1

What is vicryl?

Answer 1

A suturing material where there are muliple strands/fibres.
Is absorbable and more easy to handle.
Commonly used in mice

Question 2

What is monocryl?

Answer 2

Suturing material which is a single fibre
absorbable
May be lower risk of infection compared to multiple fibres

Question 3

What type of needles are there which can be used for suturing?

Answer 3

• Round body (better for soft tissue e.g. muscle)
• Cutting (better for harder/less fragile tissue e.g. skin)
• Reverse cutting (less likely to cause tissue damage? - but needle more likely to bend)

Question 4

What size needles do you often use in mice?

Answer 4

16mm, size 4-0 or 3-0, 1.5 ph

Question 5

What is prolene like for suturing?

Answer 5

non-absorbable

Question 6

What is PDSII like for suturing?

Answer 6

clear and absorbable

Question 7

What kind of natural materials may be used for suturing?

Answer 7

• silk
• tendons
  but often cause more of a reaction in mice, more sore and more difficult to heal.
  Are not usually used

Question 8

What size scalpel is used for mouse surgery?

Answer 8

15

Question 9

How far apart are stitches recommended to be?

Answer 9

0.5cm/5 mm

Question 10

What does it mean to condition an animal before surgery?

Answer 10

To get an animal accustomed/used to something which they may use/need after surgery
e.g. if will give them analgesic in jelly, make sure that they are used to the jelly beforehand.

Question 11

In rodents surgery, which suture patterns can be used to close the abdominal muscle layer?

Answer 11

continuous
simple interupted
mattress suture

Question 12

What may be used to monitor respiratory function?

Answer 12

Pulse-oximeter
colour of mucosa
arterial blood gases

Question 13

In rodents surgery, which suture patterns can be used to close the skin?

Answer 13

Simple interupted
mattress suture
Intradermal (subcuticular) continuous

Question 14

Which drugs have good anlagesic properties?

Answer 14

Carprofen
medatomidine
fentanyl
bupivacaine
buprenorphine
ketamine

Question 15

When should animals be administered fluids during surgery, and how much should be given?

Answer 15

Ana for more than 30mins
intravenous 3-5ml/kg/hour
sc 1-2ml

Question 16

Give examples of fluids which can be administered during surgery to prevent dehydration

Answer 16

isotonic saline
2-5% glucose solution
hartmanns solution

Question 17

What agents can cause hyperglycaemic diuresis?

Answer 17

Alpha-2-agonists

(xylazine and medatomidine

Question 18

What is meant by asepsis?

Answer 18

A method where microbiol contamination is prevented during surgery

Question 19

Is alcohol sufficient to be used as a disinfectant?

Answer 19

No - should be used alongwith something else

Question 20

What could be used for disinfection before surgery?

Answer 20

organic iodine or chlorhexidine solutions

Question 21

When should sharp or blunt dissection be used?

Answer 21

• sharp dissection - cut through tissue planes

- blunt dissection - open up/ separate layers among natural tissue planes

Question 22

How can you seal blood vessels?

Answer 22

Use pressure, crushing, or thermocautery

Question 23

What is a good way to monitor blood loss?

Answer 23

Mop up blood loss with preweighed swabs

from weighing animal this could be water loss/dehydration loss too - and if adding to taking away tissue - issue

Question 24

How long after surgery should you remove the skin suture?

Answer 24

10-14 days

Question 25

How long should the suture ends be?

Answer 25

2-3mm

Question 26

Give some signs of inflammation

Answer 26

Pain
swelling
redness
loss of function 
heat

Question 27

IS inflammation good when healing/recovering from surgery?

Answer 27

A little inflammation is good for healing

Too much can cause complications

Question 28

What are the 2 stages during wound healing?

Answer 28

Inflammation
Proliferation
Maturation