8.3 Using genome projects

Question 1

Define genome

Answer 1

The entire genetic material of an organism contained in the nucleus of a cell

Question 2

What does sequencing a genome refer to

Answer 2

Working out the DNA base sequence for all the DNA/Genome in a cell

Question 3

Why is it easier to determine the genome of simpler organisms (prokaryotes)

Answer 3

Because they do not contain Introns ( non-coding sequences of DNA bases) so we can easily work their PROTEOME out

Question 4

Why is identifying the proteome of simpler organisms useful?

Answer 4

helps to design vaccines: when the proteome is looked into, we van identify potential antigens and the proteins which can be coded for and then design a vaccine against these antigens

Question 5

Define Proteome

Answer 5

The full range of proteins produced by the Genome

Question 5

There are many methods used to sequence the genome, however…

Answer 5

..Sequencing methods are continuously updated and have become automated.

Question 5

Why is it harder to determine the genome of more complex organisms (eukaryotes)

Answer 5

Complex organisms have introns and regulatory genes in their DNA so their genome cannot easily translate the proteome,