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Ecology > Exam 3: Interspecific Competition > Flashcards

Exam 3: Interspecific Competition Flashcards

1
Q

the _____ is when 2 species that compete for the same resource cannot coexist
- someone is going to win

A

Competitive Exclusion Principle

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of niches?

A
  1. Fundamental Niche

2. Realized Niche

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3
Q

What is a Fundamental Niche?

A

the total range of environmental conditions

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4
Q

a ____ is the total range of environmental conditions

A

Fundamental Niche

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5
Q

What is a Realized Niche?

A

the proportion of fundamental niche space occupied by a population facing competition from populations of other species

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6
Q

a _____ is the proportion of fundamental niche space occupied by a population facing competition from populations of there species

A

Realized Niche

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7
Q

what is Character Displacement?

A

the principle that 2 species are more different where they occur together than where they are separated geographically

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8
Q

_____ is the principle that 2 species are more different where they occur together than where they are separated geographically

A

Character Displacement

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9
Q

what is a Zero growth Isocline?

A

an isocline along with the net population growth rate is zero

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10
Q

a _____ is an isocline along with the net population growth rate is zero

A

Zero Growth Isocline

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11
Q

What is competition?

A

Competition is when one species negatively affects another

- negative, negative

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12
Q

What is predation?

A

Predation is when one species benefits and the other doesn’t

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13
Q

_____ is when one species negatively affects another

- negative, negative

A

Competition

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14
Q

_____ is when one species benefits and the other doesnt

  • negative, positive
  • parasitism
A

Predation

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15
Q

What is Mutualism?

A

Mutualism is when both organisms benefit

- positive, positive

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16
Q

_____ is when both organisms benefit

- positive, positive

A

Mutualism

17
Q

What is Commensalism?

A

Commensalism is when one species benefits and the other isn’t affected at all

18
Q

What is Commensalism?

A

Commensalism is when one species benefits and the other isn’t affected at all

19
Q

What are the potential outcomes of competition between 2 species? (4)

A
  1. Coexist
  2. Species 1 outcompetes species 2 (2 goes extinct)
  3. Species 2 outcompetes species 1 (1 goes extinct)
  4. Depends on who gets there 1st. one species can reach an abundance that drives the other extinct
20
Q

What is the Paradox of Plankton?

A

A small number of resources supports a diverse group of competitors

21
Q

the ____ says that a small number of resources supports a diverse group of competitors

A

Paradox of Plankton

22
Q

What is the R* Rule?

A

the species that can persist at the lowest level of the most limiting resource will exclude the other species

23
Q

the _____ says that the species that can persist at the lowest level of the most limiting resource will exclude the other species

A

R* Rule

24
Q

What does the Competitive Exclusion Principle assume competition is not influenced by? (4)

A
  1. Non-resource factors: temperature
  2. Temporal environmental variability: change of something in time
  3. Spatial environmental variability: gradual change in an abiotic factor in time
  4. multiple resources
25
Q

What is Temporal Environmental Variability?

A

a change of something in time

- coexistence relies on non-equilibrium, dynamics

26
Q

_____ is a change of something in time

A

Temporal Environmental Variability

27
Q

What is Spatial Environmental Variability?

A

a gradual change in an abiotic factor in time

28
Q

_____ is a gradual change in an abiotic factor in time

A

Spatial Environmental Variability

29
Q

What is Resource Partitioning?

A

when species utilize different resources or the same resources at different times, which allows coexistence

30
Q

_____ is when species utilize different resources or the same resources at different times, which allows coexistence

A

Resource Partitioning

31
Q

What is the Ghost of Competition Past?

A

because of character displacement, interspecific competition is no longer occurring

32
Q

_____ means that because of character displacement, interspecific competition is no longer occurring

A

Ghost of Competition Past

Ecology (9 decks)

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