CH4 Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Question 1

Common single sugars seen on MCAT?

Cyclic form names?

What carbons form a glycosidic linkage?

Answer 1

6- Pyranose (glucose)

5- Furanose

if OH is right on fisher projection, it is down in cyclic form

• Glycosidic linkage: b/w 1-C and 4-C

glycogen can also have 1-C to 6-C bonds

Question 2

Important disaccharides

Answer 2

Question 3

Naming of carbohydrates:

glucose / fructose

How to determine D/L

Epimers?

Answer 3

-ose

3- Triose

4- Tetrose

5- Pentose

6- Hexose

Glucose is a hexose and the functional group is an aldehyde (aldohexose)

Fructose is the same but has a ketone as a functional group (ketohexose)

D/L = look at the last chiral center, if OH group is on the right is D

Epimers: diasteromers that are only different at 1 chiral center